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Social Behaviour > Problem 1 Social Cogninition( Super Summary) > Flashcards

Problem 1 Social Cogninition( Super Summary) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a social cognition?

A

Cognitive processes and structures that influence and are influenced by social Behaviour.

Thinking about other people’s feelings

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2
Q

More in social cognition?

A
  • Interpreting other peoples communicative signals

- Not unique to humans

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3
Q

What is an attribution?

A

Process of assigning a cause to our own Behaviour and that of others. How we make sense of our (social) world and other people’s actions.

Why does this person behave like he/she does?

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4
Q

What are the two types of attributions?

A

Internal/dispositional attributions: Behaviour is determined by people’s personality

External/situational attributions: Behaviour is determined by the situation

(E.g: I greet my neighbor in the street and she doesn’t greet me back : is she rude? Did she forget her glasses?

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5
Q

What is a cognitive short cut?

A

People use the least complex demanding cognitions, this causes error and biases

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6
Q

Some cognitive short cuts?

A
  • Schemas
  • Biases
  • Heuristics

—> help to navigate the overwhelming amount of social info in our environments

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7
Q

What is the configurar model?

A

Model of impression formation, in which central traits play a disproportionate role in configuring the final impression

Central traits va peripheral

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8
Q

What are two types of biases?

A

Biases forming impressions:

—> Primacy: First info is more important or either people pay more attention to it

—> Recency: Later information has more impact than earlier information

—>Positive Impression:When there is no info available

—>Negative Impression: we give more negative than positive impressions

Stereotypes: Shared and simplified evaluative image of a social group and its members

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9
Q

What is a schema?

A

Cognitive structure that represent knowledge about a concept or type of stimulus.

Allows quickly make sense of something with prior knowledge

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10
Q

What are different types of schemas?

A
  • Script: schema about an event, makes an event meaningful
  • Person schema: about a known person (eg friend)

Role schema: relative to job (Eg pilot)

Self schema: Info about our self (identity)

Content free schema: limited number of rules for processing information

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11
Q

What is a prototype?

A

Typical/ideal defining features of a category

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12
Q

What are fuzzy sets?

A

Categories are fuzzy sets of features organized around a prototype

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13
Q

What are exemplars?

A

Specific instances of a member of a category (eg: America’s=Barack Obama’s)

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14
Q

What are associative networks?

A

Model of memory in which ideas are connected by associative links along which cognitive activation can spread

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15
Q

What is the social identity theory?

A

Theory of group membership and inter group relations based on self categorization, social comparison and the construction of a shared self definition in terms of ingroup defining properties

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16
Q

What is the self categorization theory?

A

How the process of categorizing oneself as a group member produces social identity and group and inter group Behaviour

17
Q

What is accessibility?

A

Ease of recall of categories or schemas that we already have

18
Q

What are the three ways of changing schemas?

A

Bookkeeping

Conversion

Subtyping

19
Q

What is a bookkeeping?

A

Gradual schema change through the accumulation of bits of schema-inconsistent information

20
Q

What is conversion?

A

Sudden schema change as a consequence of gradual accumulation of schema inconsistent information

21
Q

What is subtyping?

A

Schema change as a consequence of schema inconsistent information causing the formation of subcategories

22
Q

What is social encoding?

A

Receiving for information in the environment (scanning the environment)

23
Q

In social encoding what three things capture our attention?

A

Salience

Vividness

Priming

24
Q

What is salience?

A

A stimuli that stands out amongst others (eg a man in the middle of many women )

25
Q

What is vividness?

A

Vivid stimuli attract attention due to emotional interest,gory image, close in time and place (eg a violent crime)

26
Q

Priming?

A

Accesible categories due to interest and goals (eg: sex discrimination seen everywhere due to my interest in that topic)

27
Q

What is social inference?

A

Identification of information to form impressions and make judgements

28
Q

What are the three types of social inference?

A

-Normative models

Behavioral decision theory

Regression

29
Q

What are normative models?

A

Ideal processes for making accurate social inferences

30
Q

What is the behavioral decision theory?

A

Set of normative models

31
Q

What is regression?

A

Tendency to exaggerate observations based on initial observations (eg: restaurant is really good, so we think that it is always good until we go back and see that is acc less good than we thought it was. What

32
Q

What are heuristics?

A

Cognitive short cuts that provide accurate inferences for most of us most of the time

33
Q

What are three types of heuristics?

A
  • Representativeness heuristic
  • Availability heuristic
  • Anchoring and adjustment
34
Q

What is the representativeness heuristic?

A

Instances are assigned to categories on the basis of overall similarities or resemblance to the category (eg: singer should look attractive/Susan Boyle opposite)

35
Q

What is an availability heuristic?

A

Frequency or likelihood of an event is based on how quickly instances or associations come to mind (eg: media shows violent Muslims, we think that it is frequent to find violent Muslims)

36
Q

What is anchoring and adjustment?

A

Inferences are tied to initial standards or schemas (eg: we judge someone on basis of ourself,ourself=anchor)

37
Q

What is the affect infusion model?

A

Cognition is infused with affect such that social judgements reflect mood

Social Behaviour (12 decks)

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