Principals of Pigments Flashcards
1
Q
A coloring matter which can be applied to an object.
A
Pigment
2
Q
Used to duplicate the colors of the spectrum.
- Mixtures of these colors will produce intermediary hues not seen in the spectrum.
A
Pigments
3
Q
- Range
- Change
- Impurities
- Untable
- Absorption of light-rays through admixture
A
Imperfections of Pigments
4
Q
- Fewer in number than of the colors in nature.
- Colors of certain objects cannot always be duplicated: stones, natural wood, skin.
A
Range
5
Q
- Pigments will ____ with light and chemicals.
- Example: Sunlight, air, exhaust, sulphur
A
Change
6
Q
Many pigments are not pure colors.
- Example: Pigments may contain so much red that the other colors present are not identifiable until after the mixture.
A
Impurities
7
Q
Colors may vary from purchase to purchase.
- Examples: paint, wallpaper, tile
A
Unstable
8
Q
- Opposite of light
- Pigments absorb light rays when mixed
- Result in gray or black
A
Absorption of Light-Rays Through Admixture
9
Q
- Hue
- Value
- Intensity
A
Measurements (Dimensions) of Color
10
Q
- Name of a chromatic color
- Qualifies it as to its warmth or coolness
A
Hue
11
Q
The lightness or darkness of the color
A
Value
12
Q
The pureness or dullness (grayness) of a color.
A
Intensity
13
Q
- Primary
- Secondary
- Standard
- Intermediate
- Tertiary
- Neutral
A
Class of Hues
14
Q
Three hues which can be combined to make all other hues.
A
Primary
15
Q
- Red
- Yellow
- Blue
A
Primary Hues
16
Q
The illustrative symbol when drawing primary hues on a color wheel:
A
Triangle
17
Q
An equal mixture of two primary hues.
A
Secondary
18
Q
- Orange
- Green
- Purple
A
Secondary Hues
19
Q
Illustrative symbol of secondary hues when drawing them on the color wheel:
A
Inverted Triangle
20
Q
It is the primary and secondary hues.
- “Standard color wheel”
- Red, yellow, blue, orange, green, purple.
A
Standard Pigmentary Hues
21
Q
Mixture of a primary and adjacent secondary hue.
- Appearance of each mixture: Midway between the primary and secondary hue.
A
Intermediate
22
Q
Illustration of intermediate mixtures on the color wheel:
A
Use the Primary Color First in Identifying
23
Q
An unequal mixture of opposite (complimentary) hues.
- Results in brown and slates
- Grayed hues (called tones)
A
Tertiary
24
Q
Grayed hues
A
Tones
25
* Names of colors: White, black, gray.
* Decorative netural colors- Metallic colors of silver and gold.
Neutral (Achromatic)
26
The amount of hues on the color wheel.
12
27
* When seen together- present the most vivid contrast.
* When mixed equally- cancel each other out.
Compliments (Opposites)
28
* Water- Blue
* Grass- Green
* Fire- Orange
* Sun- Yellow
Association From Nature (Warm and cool hues)
29
Red, yellow, orange or any intermediate hue in which they predominate.
* Orange is the most
Names of Warm Hues
30
Have longer wavelengths.
Warm Hues
31
Size and distance illustrations with warm hues.
Make Objects Seem to Advance
32
Active or cheerful.
Psychological Associations of Warm Hues
33
Relfects heat waves.
Heat- Warm Hues
34
Blue, green, purple, or any intermediate hue in which they predominate.
Names of Cool Hues
35
Have shorter wavelengths.
Cool Hues
36
Make objects seem to recede.
The size and distance illustrations of cool hues
37
Quiet, peaceful, depressing.
Psychological Associations- Cool Hues
38
Absorbs heat.
Heat- Cool Hues
39
The dividing line of the color wheel into warm and cool groups:
Y/YG + RP/P (12:30 + 6:30)
40
Afford the greatest visual contrast.
Comparison of Opposites - Warm and Cool
41
Lightness or darkness of the hue.
Value
42
* Process
* Tint
* Shade
* Value Cones
Changing the Value of any Hue
43
Nine levels between white and black formed by the mixture of black and white in varying proportions.
The Gray Scale
44
* Most- high levels (7,8,9) (light grays)
* Least- Low levels (1,2,3) (dark grays)
Reflectance Characteristics (Gray Scale)
45
Mix various amounts of either white or black to the hue.
Process
46
Hue mixed with progressive quantities of white.
Tint
47
Weakens the brillance but raises the value.
Effect of Tint on the Hue
48
Hue mixed with progressive quantities of black.
Shade
49
Weakens the brillance but lowers the value.
Effect of Shade on the Hue
50
* Red- pink, rose, cherry, coral
* Yellow- Lemon, cream, ivory
* Blue- Sky, baby, robins egg
* Orange- Salmon, amber, peach
* Green- Apple, pea, lime
* Purple- Lavender, orchid
Illustration of Tint
51
* Red- Burgundy, cordovan, maroon
* Yellow- Mustard
* Blue- Navy, royal, midnight
* Orange- Burnt-orange, tobacco, copper
* Green- Jade-green, forest, hunter
* Purple- Plum, grape, prune
Illustration of Shade
52
* Tint cone
* Shade cone
* Axis of the adjoined cones
Value Cones
53
Color wheel forms the lip, the apex is white, as each hue rises, the value changes to lighter tints.
Tint Cone
54
The cone is inverted, the apex is black, as each hue descends it becomes darker.
Shade Cone
55
This is the gray scale.
* Class of color betwen the axis and the periphery of either cone- Tertiary colors (tone)
Axis of the Adjoined Cones
56
Pureness or dullness (grayness) of hue.
Intensity
57
Grayed hue including brown.
Description of Tone
58
Becomes pleasant with subdued brillance.
Effect of Reduced Purity (Tone)
59
* Admixture of the hue with the complement
* Admixture of the hue with a gray pigment (direct method)
Methods of Reducing Purity (Intensity)
60
Mixture of two hues which make gray.
Complements
61
Opposites on the color wheel.
Location of Complements
62
Symbol used to signify complementary colors
**⇔**
63
Admixing complements in equal amounts makes:
Gray
64
Admixture of complements with an excess of the warm hue makes:
Brown
65
Admixture of complements with an excess of the cool hue:
Slate
66
Any two hues placed side by side influence the appearance of each other.
Juxtaposition
67
If non-complements are juxtaposed, they ____ each other.
Dull
68
If complements are juxtaposed, they appear more \_\_\_\_.
Vivid
69
Intensify the brilliance of each other.
Effect of Pure (Complementary) Hues on Each Other
70
Reduce the brilliance of each other.
Effect of Grayed (complementary) Hues on Each Other
