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Restorative Art > Non Wax Treatments (Part 1) > Flashcards

Non Wax Treatments (Part 1) Flashcards

1
Q
  • Cavity Fluid
  • Phenol
  • Mortuary Bleaches
  • Sodium Hypochlorite
A

Chemical Agents - Bleaching

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2
Q

Commonly used when time permits. Techniques include:

  • Cotton Compress
  • Hypodermic Injection
A

Cavity Fluid

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3
Q

When bleaching with cavity fluid, this technique is the least effective because of the lack of control on distribution.

A

Hypodermic Injection

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4
Q

Used when speed is important.

  • Apply with a cotton swab or brush.
A

Phenol

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5
Q

These have great bleaching ability, but may burn the skin.

  • Alcohol between applications will halt the corrosive action.
A

Strong Solutions of Phenol

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6
Q

These are to be used carefully.

  • Modify the harsh effect of phenol.
A

Mortuary Bleaches

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7
Q

May be used for a compress to bleach.

  • Disadvantage: Has a lingering odor
A

Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach)

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8
Q
  • Cavity Fluid
  • Phenol
  • Alcohol
  • Mortuary Bleaches
  • Plaster of Paris
  • Hardening Compound
  • Incision Sealer
A

Chemical Agents - Dehydrating

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9
Q
  • Hypodermically inject a highly astringent mortuary chemical into the distended area.
  • Press the fluid back out of the needle puncture.
  • Repeat as necessary
A

Constricting

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10
Q

Chemically, you can use phenol.

A

As a Substitute for Constricting Chemicals

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11
Q
  • Petroleum Jelly
  • Mortuary Cement
  • Instant Bond Cement
A

Adhesives

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12
Q

Used for posing features.

A

Petroleum Jelly

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13
Q

To make cotton into a firm mass for deep-filling a wound, use:

  • Liquid Sealer
  • Plaster of Paris
A

Binding

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14
Q

Medicinal, occupational, road dirt, or cigarette tar on the fingers.

A

Visible Stains

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15
Q

Wash the skin and apply massage cream to prevent dehydration.

A

To Remove Visible Stains

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16
Q

Remove these stains with massage cream.

A

Ornamental Cosmetics

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17
Q

Remove these stains with acetone.

A

Nail Polish

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18
Q
  • Adhesive tape- alcohol, ether
  • Blood- soap and cold water with a little borax
  • Bonded polymer cement- acetone, toluene, benzine
  • Creosote- gasoline
  • Gentian Violet- acid-alcohol
  • Grease or oil- trichloro-ethylene
  • Iodine- alcohol for fresh stains, sodium thiosulfate, sodium hypochlorite
  • Ink (ballpoint)- acetone, ethyl acetate
  • Lacquer- Acetone
  • Mercurochrome- sodium hypochlorite, then rinse with vinegar, acid-alcohol
  • Merthiolate- acid-alcohol
  • Methylene blue- acid-alcohol
  • Nicotine- lemon juice, sodium hypochlorite (5%)
  • Ointments- trichloro-ethylene, ether
  • Paint- turpentine
  • Potassium Permanganate- Oxalic acid, very dilute hypochloric acid
  • Resin- benzine
  • Silver Nitrate- Paint with iodine and wash with soap and water; then apply sodium hypochlorite (5%)
  • Tar- benzine, kerosene
  • Varnish- Turpentine mixed with a small amount of household ammonia.
A

Other Chemicals For Removing Stains (From Book)

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19
Q

These may be employed:

  • Externally
  • Internally
  • In Deep Wounds
A

Cotton Compress

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20
Q

These may be used to:

  • Bleach
  • Preserve
  • Dehydrate
  • Reduce Swelling
  • Maintain Contacts of Parts
A

Cotton Compresses

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21
Q

For a cranial postmortem treatment, at this time, do not permit the scalp to remain everted downward over the face.

A

During Embalming

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22
Q

This can result in:

  • A dark brown line (furrow) being created
  • Distortion of the features
A

Leaving The Scalp Everted During Embalming (Cranial Postmortem Treatment)

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23
Q

For a cranial postmortem treatment, at this time:

  • Ligate the vessels within the skull.
A

After Embalming

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24
Q

After Embalming, if you are unable to ligate the torn vessels within the skull:

A

Impact with pellets of cotton and sealer.

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25
Q

Wiring is accepted as the most effective way of holding this in position so it does not shift.

A

Calvarium

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26
Q

A ridge may be apparent through the scalp when this happens.

A

When The Replaced Calvarium Does Not “Seat” Properly.

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27
Q

Use a strip of cotton, paper, or wax to bridge the crevice to mask this surface flaw.

A

Apparent Ridge From The Calvarium Does Not “Seat” Properly

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28
Q

This kind of discoloration must be masked with opaque cosmetics.

A

Generalized Discolorations

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29
Q

Require an opaque liquid cosmetic “undercoat” followed by opaque cream cosmetics.

A

Very Dark Discolorations

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30
Q

These discolorations include back eyes and contusions.

A

Localized Discolorations

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31
Q
  • May be bleached using a cotton compress.
  • Bleaching will lighten the skin color enough to be able to mask the area with a minimum amount of cosmetics.
A

Localized Discolorations

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32
Q

An alternate method to treat localized discolorations:

  • Apply with a brush or cotton swab.
  • Followed with an application of alcohol
A

Phenol

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33
Q

This is the least effective method of lightening localized discolorations.

  • Cannot be confined to the area.
A

Hypodermic Injection

34
Q

This lies in the lower third of the eyesocket.

A

Line of Closure

35
Q

The posterior edge edge of the upper eyelid touches the _______ edge of the lower.

A

Anterior

36
Q

Use a thin, flat piece of cotton, rounded to the size of the eyeball.

A

When Padding Beneath The Eyelids is Needed

37
Q

This is located medially off center.

  • Correct by using a small cotton pad.
A

Greatest Projection of The Upper Eyelid

38
Q

Make make it difficult to close the eyelids before embalming.

A

Dehydrated Eyelids

39
Q
  • Stretch the eyelid
  • Eyecaps
  • Petroleum Jelly
  • Incise The Restraining Muscle of The Upper Lid
  • Excision And Rebuilding With Wax
  • Incision to Retain Subject’s Eyelashes
A

Treating Dehydrated Eyelids

40
Q

By moving an aneurysm hook beneath the lids.

A

Stretch the Eyelid

41
Q
  • Perforated
  • Cement placed on them
A

Eyecaps

42
Q

Used to hold the eyelids in contact when there is no great tension drawing them apart.

A

Petroleum Jelly

43
Q
  • Using an aneurysm hook- pull the upper eyelid upward.
  • With a fine scalpel - cut across the entire bony surface of the upper wall of the eyesocket.
  • Insert an eyecap and cement lids in position.
A

Incise The Restraining Muscle of The Upper Eyelid (Levator Palpebrae Superioris)

44
Q

Done in cases of extreme dehydration when the eyelashes are in poor condition.

A

Excision And Rebuilding With Wax

45
Q

Restore the area using:

  • False eyelashes
  • Wax to recreate the eyelids
A

Technique For Excision And Rebuilding With Wax

46
Q

Done in cases of extreme dehydration when the eyelashes and edge of the upper lid are in good condition.

A

Incision to Retain Subject’s Eyelashes

47
Q
  • Make an incision 3/16” above the eyelash.
    • Draw this section downward to the lower lid and cement using an eyecap.
  • Recreate the upper lid using wax.
A

Technique For Incision to Retain Subject’s Eyelashes

48
Q

Fill the opening with a small pellet of colored wax.

A

Dehydrated Inner Canthus

49
Q

Also known as a black eye.

A

Ecchymosis

50
Q

May result in swelling and discoloration in the eyelid and adjacent areas.

  • The capillaries within the eyelids rupture and blood escapes into the intercellular spaces.
  • The resulting coagulated blood cannot be removed by aspiration.
A

A Forceful Impact on or Near The Eye

51
Q

This usually increases the swelling of ecchymosis.

  • Use a strong solution of embalming chemical under lower pressure.
A

Embalming

52
Q

To control the swelling in cases of ecchymosis, apply external pressure.

A

During Emblaming

53
Q

If there is a high liquid content of the upper eyelid:

  • Make small incisions on the undersurface of the eyelid.
  • Place dry cotton under the eyelid.
  • Lightly exert pressure on the surface.
  • Change the cotton periodically.
  • Be sure adjacent areas are heavily creamed.
  • An internal compress saturated with a constricting chemical may be applied.
  • Replace with a pad of dry cotton.
A

After Embalming- Ecchymosis

54
Q

Use a cotton compress with one of the following:

  • Preservative cavity fluid/preservative gels
  • Phenol
  • Mortuary bleaching chemical
A

For Surface Preservation and Bleaching - Ecchymosis

55
Q
  • The surface of the skin must be kept covered.
  • Avoid burning the skin
  • Move the blade in a darting motion.
  • As the blade cools- withdraw it until the heat builds again.
  • Avoid extensive contact
A

Reducing The Eyelid Using an Electric Spatula (Tissue Reducer)

56
Q

By using a large amount of:

  • Massage cream
  • Petroleum jelly
A

The Surface of The Skin Must be Kept Covered (electric spatula)

57
Q

Immediately replace the cream or jelly as it melts.

A

To Avoid Burning The Skin (electric spatula)

58
Q

Following the convolutions of the surface.

A

Move the Hot Spatula Blade in a Darting Motion

59
Q

Withdraw it until the heat builds again.

A

As The Blade Cools

60
Q

With the edges of the eyelids to prevent:

  • The margins from curling outward.
  • Damage to the eyelashes
A

Avoid Extensive Contact

61
Q
  • Surgical removal of fat from behind the eyeball.
  • Hypodermic injection of a constricting chemical out through the needle puncture.
  • Exicision of a “melon slice” section across the upper eyelid.
  • Surgical removal of the undersurface of the eyelid.
  • Moving the excess skin of the upper eyelid under the upper rim and cementing it there.
A

Other Possible Treatments- Ecchymosis

62
Q

Surgical removal of ____ from behind the eyeball.

A

Fat

63
Q

Of a constricting chemical under the eyelids, massaging the excess liquid out through the needle puncture.

A

Hypodermic Injection

64
Q
  • Dry, seal, and cement margins.
  • No wax is necessary if done on a wrinkle.
A

Excision of a “Melon Slice” Section Across The Upper Eyelid.

65
Q

Followed by an internal compress of constricting chemical.

A

Surgical Removal of The Undersurface of The Eyelid

66
Q

Moving the excess skin of the upper eyelid under the _____ ___ and _____ it there.

A

Upper Rim, Cementing

67
Q

Final Adjustments for this may be made with:

  • Wax
  • Opaque Cosmetics
A

Correcting Ecchymosis

68
Q

Caused by projection of the eyeball.

A

Protruding Eyes

69
Q

If protruding eyes was a condition that existed in life and was accepted as a characteristic of that person:

A

Do Nothing

70
Q
  • The gas may be released by puncture of the cribiform plate.
  • Access is achieved upward through the nostrils.
  • The brain can also be hypodermically injected through this point.
A

If the distension (protruding eyes) is caused by putrefaction within the cranial cavity:

71
Q

To treat protruding eyes, ___ ____ of fat around and behind the eyeball.

A

Surgical Removal

72
Q

To treat protruding eyes:

  • Incise the eyeball
  • Aspirate the eyeball
A

Removal of The Humors of The Eyeball

73
Q

To treat protruding eyes, removal of the ______.

A

Eyeball

74
Q
  • Cotton support of the eyelids.
  • Raise the eyeball by hypodermically injecting tissue builder behind the eye.
A

Suken Eyeball And Marginal Concavities

75
Q

Swelling from edema or embalming can be reduced:

  • During embalming- By external pressure or aspiration.
  • After Embalming- Same as Ecchymosis
A

Swollen Eyelids (Non-Traumatic)

76
Q

By external pressure or aspiration.

A

During Embalming- Swelling From Edema or Embalming Can be Reduced:

77
Q

External pressure can be used to treat a swollen orbital pouch.

A

During Embalming

78
Q

Swollen Orbital Pouch:

  • Hypodermically inject a constricting chemical.
  • Removal of injection after several minutes (repeat if necessary).
  • Electric spatula may be used to supplement the treatment.
A

After Embalming

79
Q

When broken bones do not piece the skin.

A

Simple Fractures

80
Q

May be realigned by bumping or pressing the bone back into position.

A

Simple Fractures

81
Q

If bumping or pressing the bone back into position fails, an incision may be necessary for corrective treatment.

A

Simple Fractures

Restorative Art (37 decks)

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