Preventive Pediatrics Flashcards
what are the 4 steps of EINC
- Immediate and thorough drying of the newborn
- early skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn
- properly timed cord clamping and cutting
- non-separation of newborn and mother for early breastfeeding
Exclusive breastfeeding is up to?
6 months
What is the definition of PPS of a healthy term newborn?
- term newborn
- with uncomplicated antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum course
- AGA
- 5 minute Apgar score >7
every newborn should be seen at least ___ hours prior to leaving the institution/hospital
4 hours
What are the danger signs in a newborn?
- refusal to feed
- no spontaneous movement
- fast and difficulty of breathing
- vomiting
- abdominal distention
- fever or low body temperature
- severe jaundice
for newborns discharged before 24 hours after delivery, an appointment should be made with a health care practitioner within _____ hours of discharge
24-72 hours
When are the following usually done during adolescent health visit?
Visual screening
Hearing screening
Scoliosis
Visual acuity - at 10, 12 and 15 yo
Hearing screening - once during early, middle and late adolescence
Scoliosis - once at 10-12 yo (Females) or 13-14 (Males)
Recommended hours of sleep for 6-12 years old and 13-18 years old
9-12 hours per day for 6-12 yo
8-10 hours per day for 13-18 yo
developmental screening is done at what age/s during well child visit?
9, 18, 24 and 30 months, then yearly thereafter
At what age/s is autism spectrum disorder screening done?
at 18 and 24 months old
for preterm newborns, LBW and sick neonates should have a repeat newborn screening at the ___ of life
28th day of life
expanded newborn screening can detect how many diseases?
28 diseases
most presenting signs of retinoblastoma
leukocoria and strabismus
Premature infants whose AOG at birth meets the criteria for ROP screening
- 32 weeks AOG or younger age
- Weighing Less than or equal to 1500 grams
- older than 32 weeks or higher than 1500 grams but had a stormy course in the NICU
**risk factor: severe sepsis, PRBC transfusion within the first 10 days of life d/t anemia, oxygen use, prematurity with an unstable clinical course placing infants at high risk
Describe the timing of ROP Screening
<28 weeks AOG: done at 31 weeks or prior to discharge, whichever comes earlier
>28 weeks AOG: 20th day of life or prior to discharge, whichever comes earlier
Iron supplementation based on target population
LBW: 0.3 mL OD at 2 months-6 months
Infants 6-11 mos: 0.6 mL OD for 3 mos
1-5 yo: 5 mL OD for 3 months or once a week for 6 months
Adolescents: 1 tablet OD (containing 60 mg elemental Iron + 400 mcg folic acid)
DOH recommends deworming for all children at age __ to __ years
1 to 12 years old
Deworming must not be done in children with ??? (6 conditions/scenarios)
- Severe malnutrition
- High grade fever
- Profuse diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Serious illness
- Previous hypersensitivity to antihelminthic drug
first dental visit is recommended to be done at the time of ______ and no later than ___ months
eruption of the first tooth and no later than 12 months
most effective method in reducing dental caries prevalence in children
twice daily brushing of teeth
who are the children at risk for IDA
- poor nutritional history
- past or family history of anemia
At what time intervals is CBC should be done in children at risk for IDA
6-24 months
2-6 years
10-19 years
monitoring of CBC done in adolescence
every stage of adolescence
Depression screening is done annually starting what age using PHQ-9
12 years old
Dyslipidemia screening in adolescents is done at what ages
universal laboratory screening regardless of risk factors at least once during 9-11 years old and 17-21 years old
timing of introduction of highly allergenic foods in the infant diet to prevent allergic diseases
cooked egg at 4-6 mos
wheat at less than 6 mos
fish at 6-9 mos
peanut at 4-11 mos
in the event of a positive newborn hearing loss screening result, the newborn shall undergo audiologic diagnostic evaluation in a timely manner to allow appropriate follow-up, recall and referral for intervention before tha age of ___
6 months
DOH recommends deworming for all children at what age range
1 to 12 years
breastmilk storage period
Room temp (<25 C) = 4 hours
Room temp (>25 C) = 1 hour
Refrigerator (4 C) = 8 days
Freezer compartment of a 1 door = 2 weeks
Freezer compartment of a 2 door = 3 months
Deep Freezer with constant temp (-20 C) = 6 months
in adolescent health care, what are the laboratory tests required during health visit
CBC at every stage of adolescence
Urinalysis on the first encounter
Vaginal wet mount/PAP smear for sexually active females
Serologic tets for syphilis for sexually active males
Nonculture test for gonorrhea and Chlamydia for male and female who are sexually active
vaccines that are part of the school based immunization program to provide catch-up doses for school children and adolescents
MR, Td and HPV vaccines
