Immuno/Allergy Flashcards
Most common typical manifestation of immunodeficiency in children
Recurrent sinopulmonary infections
most common type of immunodeficiency
Antibody defects
This condition is suspected if a patient has recurrent staphylococcal abscesses or fungal infections
Chronic granulomatous disease
this condition should be suspected if lymphoid hypoplasia is found in physical examination
X-linked agamaglobulinemia
3 clinical presentation of SCID
- infection
- GVHD
- Omenn syndrome
key feature of SCID
almost all patients will have a low lymphocyte count
most common hematologic abnormality of allergic patients
eosinophilia
— >500 eosinophils/uL
INTERMITTENT Allergic rhinitis
<4 days per week or
<4 weeks at a time
PERSISTENT Allergic rhinitis
> 4 times a week and/or
4 weeks at time
most common chronic relapsing skin disease in infancy and childhood
Atopic Dermatitis (AD)
hallmark of AD
Severly dry skin
cardinal features of AD
Intense pruritus (especially at night) and cutaneous reactivity
3 major features of AD
- Pruritus
- eczematous dermatitis
- chronic/chronically relapsing course
Major features of Atopic Dermatitis
- pruritus
- facial and extensor eczema in infants and children/ flexural eczema in adolescents
- chronic or relapsing dermatitis
- personal or family history of atopic disease
first line therapy in Atopic dermatitis
Moisturizers
cornerstone of antiinflammatory treatment for acute exacerbations of AD
Topical corticosteroids
serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death
Anaphylaxis
most common cause of anaphylaxis occuring outside the hospital
Food allergy
this test remains elevated for several hours during anaphylaxis
Plasma tryptase
how to diagnose anaphylaxis
highly likely when 1 of the ff 3 criteria is fulfilled
1. Acute onset of an illness with skin and/or mucosal tissue involvement and at least 1 of the ff:
a. respiratory compromise
b. reduced BP or associated symptoms of end-organ dysfunction (hypotonia, syncope, incontinence)
- 2 or more of the ff that occur rapidly after exposure
a. involvement of the skin/mucosal tissue
b. respiratory compromise
c. reduced BP or assoc symptoms
d. persistent GI symptoms - Reduced BP ff exposure to known allergen
a. Infants and children: low systolic BP or >30% drop in systolic BP
most common cause of Food protein-induced enteropathy (FPE)
Cow’s milk sensitivity
most severe form of Food protein-induced enteropathy
Celiac disease
First line therapy for anaphylaxis
0.01 mg/kg epinephrine (1:1000) given IM every 5 to 15 minutes
Biphasic reaction of anaphylaxis can occur and be delayed up to how many hours
72
