Pedia Gastro

Question 1

Contents of WHO ORS

Answer 1

75 meqs of Na
64 meqs of Cl
20 meqs of K
75 mmol of Glucose
245 mOsm/L

Question 2

Preferred mode of rehydration and replacement of ongoing losses for diarrhea

Answer 2

Oral rehydration

Question 3

Types of food to be avoided during rehydration

Answer 3

Fatty food
Food high in simple sugars - juices, carbonated sodas

Question 4

how many mg of Zinc and how long it should be given as supplementation for children with diarrhea

Answer 4

20 mg/day for 10-14 days

Question 5

First line of treatment for Shigella as cause of diarrhea

Answer 5

Ciprofloxacin (15 mkday) BID x 3 days

Question 6

first line of treatment for ETEC (Enterotoxigenic) as cause of diarrhea

Answer 6

Azithromycin 12 mkday on D1, 6 mkday on D2-D3

Question 7

treatment for campylobacter diarrhea

Answer 7

Erythromycin for 5 days or Azithromycin for 3 days

Question 8

Pediatric Appendicitis SCORE that is highly sensitive and specific for APPENDICITIS

Answer 8

8

Question 9

Classic and consistent finding in acute appendicitis

Answer 9

Anorexia

Question 10

2 features of PAS equivalent to a score of 2

Answer 10

RLQ tenderness and Cough/percussion/hopping tenderness

Question 11

Gold standard imaging study for evaluating children with suspected appendicitis

Answer 11

Computed Tomography (CT) scan

Question 12

gold standard for diagnosis of Biliary atresia

Answer 12

Intraoperative cholangiogram

Question 13

final common pathway of Biliary atresia

Answer 13

Obliterative cholangiopathy

Question 14

typical abdominal UTZ findings in Biliary Atresia

Answer 14

Nonvisualization of the gallbladder / small contracted gallbladder / nonvisualization of the common bile duct

Question 15

characteristic features of biliary atresia on liver biopsy

Answer 15

bile duct proliferation, bile duct plugs, portal stromal edema

Question 16

classic criteria on five body systems in diagnosing Alagille Syndrome

Answer 16

1. Liver/cholestasis
2. Dysmorphic facies: broad forehead, deep-set eyes, straight nose with bullous tip, pointed chin
3. CHD - pulmonary artery stenosis
4. Axial skeleton/vertebral anomalies
5. Eye/posterior embryotoxon

Question 17

most common types of choledochal malformations

Answer 17

Cylindrical (fusiform) and Spherical (saccular) types

Question 18

features of acute cholangitis

Answer 18

Fever, RUQ tenderness, jaundice, leukocytosis

Question 19

treatment of choice for Choledochal malformation

Answer 19

Excision of abnormal biliary segment
Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy

Question 20

Most common cause of extrahepatic portal hypertension

Answer 20

Portal Vein Thrombosis