Preseason 2

Question 1

M vs K: Loss of fat, muscle atrophy

Answer 1

Marasmus

Question 2

Affected somatic protein compartment M vs K:

Answer 2

Marasmus

Question 3

M vs K: affected visceral protein compartment

Answer 3

Kwashiorkor

Question 4

Autopsy findings in RDS

Answer 4

Eosinophilic membranes lining the alveolar walls

Question 5

If patient was admitted at the NICU for 7 weeks maintained on >21% FiO2, but was assessed to require the same FiO2 at discharge, but then several days after, he eventually expired, and autopsy shows decrease in alveolar septatiotn, what’s the dx?

Answer 5

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, moderate 📌

Question 6

How to prevent rh incompat reaction

Answer 6

RhIg in 28 weeks and within 72 hours prior to deliveery

Question 7

Findings in neuroblastoma

Answer 7

Sheets of small, roiuond, blue cells with occasional formation of HOMER-WRIGHT ROSETTES

Question 8

Bp 220/110, autopsy of kidney shows “onion skin”, concentric, laminated thickening of the walls of arterioles, with luminal narrowing and necrotizing arteriolitis

Answer 8

Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

Question 9

65/F, severe headache, fever. Tenderness over thee course of SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY. What’s the dx and biopsy results

Answer 9

Giant cell arteritis
Biopsy: intimal thickening, medial granulomatous inflammtaion with fragmentation of internal elastic lamina, CD4+ T cell infiltrates, and multinucleated giant cells

Question 10

Remark/s on Takayasu arteritis

Answer 10

Young female
Weight loss, fever
Weak pulses in the caroties and upper extremeties
Ocular disturbances and neurologic deficits
Morphologic findings same as giant cell arteritis

Question 11

Remark/s on polyarteritis nodosa

Answer 11

Biopsy: segmental transmural necrotizing inflammation with extensive FIBRINOID NECROSIS (hallmark of type III HSR) and TEMPORAL GETEROGENEITY of lesions

Question 12

Remarks on kawasaki disease

Answer 12

Biopsy: segmental transmural necrotizing inflammation with less fibrinoid necrosis

Question 13

45/m presented with hemoptysis and hematuria

Serology: p-ANCA (+) dx?

Answer 13

Microscopic polyangiitis
MPO-ANCA (+)
Vasculitis pattern similar to PAN, but lesions are of the SAME STAGE and fragmented PMNs in post-capillary venules (LEUKOCYTOCLASIA) are present

Question 14

Also p-ANCA positive

Answer 14

churg Strauss syndrome
MPO-ANCA ()
Vasculitis pattern similar to PAN but with extravascular necrotizing granulomas and eosinophils

Question 15

Vasculitis with involvement of kidneys, upper and lower airways

Answer 15

GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS (formerly Wegener granulomatosis)
C-ANCA (+)
PR3-ANCA (+)
Crescentric glomerulonehrptis with negative findings on immunofluorescence

Question 16

Buerger disease

Answer 16

Thromboangiitis obliterans
Smoker with intermittent claudication
Biopsy: segmental thrombosing acute and chronic vasculitis with thrombi containing MICROABSCESSES

Question 17

Spider telangiectasia

Answer 17

Multiple, radial pulsatile arrays of dilated submucosal arteries that BLANCH with pressure

Question 18

Child with port-wine stain

Answer 18

STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME
seizures, mental retardation and hemiplagia
CT: extra-axial hyperdense lesion on the ipsilateral parietal convexityy
Biopsy: dilated venous vessels

Question 19

Capillary hemangiomas

Answer 19

Biopsy: small endothelial-lined spaces filled with RBC

Question 20

Lesion appearing 3 months after history of trauma, with addiotional granulating actue and chronic inflammation

Answer 20

Pyogenic granuloma

Question 21

43/f with a liver mass, biopsy shows dilated vascular spaces filled with blood

Answer 21

Cavernous hemangioma

Question 22

15/F with short stature and amenorrhea presented with a mass on the neck measuring 10cm in the widest dimension. Biopsy shows dilated endothelial lined space embedded in a LYMPHOID STROMA.

Answer 22

Turner syndrome with cavernous lympangioma

Question 23

Vinyl chloride

Answer 23

Hepatic angiosarcoma
Biopsy: sheets of atypical spindle cells with occasional vessel formation
IH: CD31, vWF (+)

Question 24

30/M with occasional episodes of chest heaviness, dyspnea, and syncope.
(+) systolic murmur at 2nd LICS
CXR: incraesed pulmonary vascular markings with rVH

Answer 24

ASD

Question 25

5/M apparently asymptomatic with incidental finding of HOLOSYSTOLIC MURMUR at LLSB, radiating to the RLSB
Cxr: increased pulmonary vascular markings, BVH, normal aortic knob size

Answer 25

VSD

Question 26

Machinery like

Answer 26

PDA
Continuous murmur
Best heard at the 2nd LICS
Increased pulmonary vascular markings
LVH/BVH
ENLARGED aortic knob

Question 27

Tetralogy of fallot

Answer 27

Pulmonic stenosis
Overriding aorta
VSD
RVH

Question 28

29/M newly diagnosed hypertension with ABI 0.5

Cxr: LVH WITH RIB NOTCHING

Answer 28

Adult arotic coarcatation