Preseason 2 Flashcards
M vs K: Loss of fat, muscle atrophy
Marasmus
Affected somatic protein compartment M vs K:
Marasmus
M vs K: affected visceral protein compartment
Kwashiorkor
Autopsy findings in RDS
Eosinophilic membranes lining the alveolar walls
If patient was admitted at the NICU for 7 weeks maintained on >21% FiO2, but was assessed to require the same FiO2 at discharge, but then several days after, he eventually expired, and autopsy shows decrease in alveolar septatiotn, what’s the dx?
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, moderate 📌
How to prevent rh incompat reaction
RhIg in 28 weeks and within 72 hours prior to deliveery
Findings in neuroblastoma
Sheets of small, roiuond, blue cells with occasional formation of HOMER-WRIGHT ROSETTES
Bp 220/110, autopsy of kidney shows “onion skin”, concentric, laminated thickening of the walls of arterioles, with luminal narrowing and necrotizing arteriolitis
Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
65/F, severe headache, fever. Tenderness over thee course of SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY. What’s the dx and biopsy results
Giant cell arteritis
Biopsy: intimal thickening, medial granulomatous inflammtaion with fragmentation of internal elastic lamina, CD4+ T cell infiltrates, and multinucleated giant cells
Remark/s on Takayasu arteritis
Young female
Weight loss, fever
Weak pulses in the caroties and upper extremeties
Ocular disturbances and neurologic deficits
Morphologic findings same as giant cell arteritis
Remark/s on polyarteritis nodosa
Biopsy: segmental transmural necrotizing inflammation with extensive FIBRINOID NECROSIS (hallmark of type III HSR) and TEMPORAL GETEROGENEITY of lesions
Remarks on kawasaki disease
Biopsy: segmental transmural necrotizing inflammation with less fibrinoid necrosis
45/m presented with hemoptysis and hematuria
Serology: p-ANCA (+) dx?
Microscopic polyangiitis
MPO-ANCA (+)
Vasculitis pattern similar to PAN, but lesions are of the SAME STAGE and fragmented PMNs in post-capillary venules (LEUKOCYTOCLASIA) are present
Also p-ANCA positive
churg Strauss syndrome
MPO-ANCA ()
Vasculitis pattern similar to PAN but with extravascular necrotizing granulomas and eosinophils
Vasculitis with involvement of kidneys, upper and lower airways
GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS (formerly Wegener granulomatosis)
C-ANCA (+)
PR3-ANCA (+)
Crescentric glomerulonehrptis with negative findings on immunofluorescence
Buerger disease
Thromboangiitis obliterans
Smoker with intermittent claudication
Biopsy: segmental thrombosing acute and chronic vasculitis with thrombi containing MICROABSCESSES
Spider telangiectasia
Multiple, radial pulsatile arrays of dilated submucosal arteries that BLANCH with pressure
Child with port-wine stain
STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME
seizures, mental retardation and hemiplagia
CT: extra-axial hyperdense lesion on the ipsilateral parietal convexityy
Biopsy: dilated venous vessels
Capillary hemangiomas
Biopsy: small endothelial-lined spaces filled with RBC
Lesion appearing 3 months after history of trauma, with addiotional granulating actue and chronic inflammation
Pyogenic granuloma
43/f with a liver mass, biopsy shows dilated vascular spaces filled with blood
Cavernous hemangioma
15/F with short stature and amenorrhea presented with a mass on the neck measuring 10cm in the widest dimension. Biopsy shows dilated endothelial lined space embedded in a LYMPHOID STROMA.
Turner syndrome with cavernous lympangioma
Vinyl chloride
Hepatic angiosarcoma
Biopsy: sheets of atypical spindle cells with occasional vessel formation
IH: CD31, vWF (+)
30/M with occasional episodes of chest heaviness, dyspnea, and syncope.
(+) systolic murmur at 2nd LICS
CXR: incraesed pulmonary vascular markings with rVH
ASD
5/M apparently asymptomatic with incidental finding of HOLOSYSTOLIC MURMUR at LLSB, radiating to the RLSB
Cxr: increased pulmonary vascular markings, BVH, normal aortic knob size
VSD
Machinery like
PDA Continuous murmur Best heard at the 2nd LICS Increased pulmonary vascular markings LVH/BVH ENLARGED aortic knob
Tetralogy of fallot
Pulmonic stenosis
Overriding aorta
VSD
RVH
29/M newly diagnosed hypertension with ABI 0.5
Cxr: LVH WITH RIB NOTCHING
Adult arotic coarcatation
