Buzz Words 2

Question 1

Pathology present in a patient with obstructive lung disease having pulsus paradoxus

Answer 1

Significant negatiev intrathoracic pleural pressure required for ventilation

Question 2

Horner syndrome

Answer 2

Miosis
Anhidrosis
Ptosis

Question 3

Heinz bodies

Answer 3

G6pd deficiency

Question 4

Sheath of connective tissue surrounding fascicle of axons

Answer 4

Perineurium

Question 5

Female infant who often wet the top of her diaper showing a connection from the bladder to the umbilicus in imaging study

Answer 5

Persistent urachus

Question 6

Underlying pathologic disease which can cause mediastinal shift

Answer 6

Distal acinar emphysema

Underlies many cases of spontaneous pneumothorax

Question 7

Microscopic changes occuring in distal esophagus with 5-year history of GERD

Answer 7

Squamous (basal) cell hyperplasia??? 📌

Question 8

Etiologic factor in an elderly factory worker presenting with increasing dyspnea and decreased breath sounds in all fields of the left lung without cough and sputum producction with pleural biopsy findigns of SPINDLE and CUBOID cells invading adipose tissue

Answer 8

Asbestos 📌

Question 9

Likely cause of death with autopsy finding of CharcotCouchard aneuryss

Answer 9

Basal ganglial intracerbral hemorrhage

Question 10

Pathology in rhonchi

Answer 10

Obstruction of medium-sized airways

Question 11

Characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques

Answer 11

Lesions are due to INTIMAL thickening and lipid accumulation

Question 12

Remarks on koilocytes

Answer 12

Morphological atypical keratinocytes described as enlarged cells with eccntric pyknotic nuclei surrounded by a perinuclear halo found in HPV infection

Question 13

Intracellular pathway that mediates EGF binding to the epidermal cell surface receptors which is followed by transcription factor translocation and DNA transcription

Answer 13

Cyclin-dependent kinase

Question 14

Remarks on astrocytes

Answer 14

Cells in the CNS which are responsible for recycling the glutamate that’s released at synapses

Question 15

Remarks on lysosome in association with congestive heart failure

Answer 15

Found in macrophages responsible for accumulation of the hemosiderin pigment in the rust-colored sputum in patients with CHF

Question 16

MECHANISM OF CADMIUM TOXICITY

Answer 16

1. Acts on mitochondria by inducing oxidative stres and generating ROS
2. Activates apoptosis, mutating mtDNA, altering gene expression
3. Inhibiting respiratory chain complexes, reducing ATP synthesis and altering mitochondrial permeability

Question 17

Wegener’s granulomatosis

Answer 17

WeCener’s granulomatosis

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) 📌

Question 18

Percentage of alcoholics that will develop cirrhosis

Answer 18

10-15%

Question 19

Distance of incisor to LES

Answer 19

32-50 (40) cm

Question 20

Disease associatd with Warthin-Finkeldey cells

Answer 20

Measles
HIV
Kimura disease
Lymphoma

Question 21

What is Kimura disease?

Answer 21

Rare chrnoic inflammatory disorder with

• subdermal lesions in head or neck
• painless unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 22

Bag of black worms

Answer 22

MRI of crebral arteriovenous malformation

Question 23

% of individuals with strep infection that will go to RF and GN

Answer 23

RF 0.4-2.8%

GN 0.2-2.0%