Patho SF

Question 1

Most common site of mets of lungs

Answer 1

adrenal glands

Question 2

Most common site of mets of thyroid gland

Answer 2

lungs

Question 3

Most common site of mets of HCC

Answer 3

lungs

Question 4

cancers that metastasize to the lungs

Answer 4

Wilm’s tumor
Osteosarcoma
RCC
Thyroid carcinoma
CRC
HCC

Question 5

cancers that mets to the bones

Answer 5

Neuroblastoma
breast CA
Retinoblastoma (brain and bones)
prostate
-lumbar >p femur> pelvis > thoraacic spine > ribs

Question 6

fulminant hepatitis, microvesicular steatosis. what drug

Answer 6

Tetracycline (Robbins)

others:
Valproic acid
Zidovudine

Question 7

pattern of liver injury of methotrexate

Answer 7

STEATOHEPATITIS-like pattern

“MATI”

Methotrexate
Amiodarone
Tamoxifen
Irinotecan

Question 8

pattern of liver injury by azathioprine

Answer 8

SINUSOIDAL OBSTRUCTIVE SYNDROME
(venoocclussive disease)

“OA”

Oxaliplatin
Azathioprine

Question 9

triad of friedreich ataxia

Answer 9

GAA repeat expansion

HAA TRIAD
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Ataxia
Areflexia (loss of DTRs)

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

Question 10

other nervous diseases with AR inheritance pattern

Answer 10

“Need For Speed”

Neurogenic muscular atrophies
Friedreich ataxia
Spinal muscular atrophy

Question 11

myotonic dystrophy inheritance and triad

Answer 11

AD
CTG trinucleotide repeats

Cataracts
Toupee (early balding)
Gonadal atrophy

Question 12

Huntington disease trinucleaotide repeat

Answer 12

CAG

Hunters need CAGes

Question 13

most commong genetic cause of intellectual disability in males

Answer 13

Fragile X syndrome

CGG repeat expansion

Question 14

most common defective gene in lung adenocarcinoma

Answer 14

KRAS

others
ALK
ROS1
MET
BRAF
P13K

Question 15

most common gene mutation in lung SCC

Answer 15

TP53

other
CDKN2A

Question 16

most common gene mutation in lung small cell CA

Answer 16

TP53 and RB

Question 17

tumors with CD34(+)

Answer 17

solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura
neurofibroma

S-100 (+) Schwannoma

Question 18

colorectal adenoma with the highest risk for malignant transformationi

Answer 18

VILLOUS ADENOMA

-relatively larger, sessile

Question 19

most powerful prognostic indicators in gastric cancer

Answer 19

depth of invasion

exten of nodal and distant mets

Question 20

sites of continuous HIV replication and cell destruction

Answer 20

lymph nodes, spleen

Question 21

useful marker of HIV disease progression

Answer 21

HIV-1 RNA (viral load)

NOT CD4 level

Question 22

chronic latency period before onset of aids

Answer 22

7-10 years

Question 23

systems mainly involved in HIV infection

Answer 23

immune system

CNS

Question 24

right sided hemiparesis, and right pupillary dilation and ocular palsy. what type of herniation

Answer 24

right (ipsilateral) TRANSTENTORIAL herniation
(uncal, anterior lateral [medial temporal])

ipsilateral CN3 palsy
ipsilateral hemiparesis
—> kernohan phenomenon (celebellar peduncle)
ipsilateral PCA compression
(+) Duret hemorrhages
—midbrain and pons

Question 25

ipsilateral ACA compression

Answer 25

subfalcine herniation

cingulate

Question 26

most common type of cerebral hernia

Answer 26

subfalcine hernia
“midline shift”
“cingulate hernia”
-pushing of the ipsilateral cingulate gyrus down and under the falx cerebri
-anterior cerebral artery syndrome

Question 27

contralateral leg weakness. what type of herniation

Answer 27

subfalcine herniation
“midline shift”
“Cingulate hernia”