Pre-season

Question 1

ANA pattern of SLE

Answer 1

Peripheral (rim) pattern

Question 2

Remark/s on SLE manifestations

Answer 2

Oral or nasal ulcers: usually painelss

Joint disease: nonerosive synovitis involving 2 or more peripheral joints

Renal disorder: persistent proteinuria >0.5 g/24 hours, or red cell casts

WBC <4000 on 2 or more occasions

Plt <100

Question 3

Class I lupus nephritis

Answer 3

Minimal mesangial

Question 4

Class II lupus nephritis

Answer 4

Mesangial proliferative

Question 5

Class III lupus nephritis

Answer 5

FOCAL
<50% of glomeruli
Subendothelial IC deposits

📌similar with †MPGN I (subendothelial deposits)

†double contour, tram-track GBM on LM

Question 6

Class IV lupus nephritis

Answer 6

DIFFUSE
>= 50% of glomeruli
Subendothelial IC deposits

Similar with †MPGN I’s subendothelial deposits

†double contour, tram-track GBM on LM

Question 7

Class V lupus nephritis

Answer 7

MEMBRANOUS
LM: Diffuse capillary thickening
IF: subepithelial IC deposits 📌

PSGN: subepithelial HUMPS
*Membranous nephropathy:
Subepithelial deposits (spike and dome appearance)

• 2nd most common in adults
• assoc’d with SLE, infections (HBV, HCV, T pallidum, schistosoma, plasmodium)

Question 8

Class VI lupus nephritis

Answer 8

ADVANCE SCLEROSING

Sclerosis of >90% of glomeruli

Question 9

Antibodies in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis

Answer 9

Anti-DNA topoisomerase I

Anti-Scl 70

Question 10

Autoantibody in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis

Answer 10

Anti-centromere antibodies

“Limited scleroderma

Question 11

Acute antibody-mediatied transplant rejection

Answer 11

Inflammation of glomeruli and peritubular capillaries with focal thrombosis of small vessles

Question 12

Remark/s on digeorge syndrome

Answer 12

CATCH 22
Cardiac defects
Abnormal facial features
Thymic hypoplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia
Deletion in chromosome 22q11.2

Question 13

Remark/s on Wiskott aldrich syndrome

Answer 13

TIE the WASP
Thrombocytopenia
Infections, recurrent
Eczematous dermatitis

Question 14

Desmoplasia

Answer 14

Fibrous tissue formation in response to neoplasm

Question 15

Most commonly mutated proto-oncogene in human cancers

Answer 15

RAS

Question 16

Other examples of proto-oncogenes

Answer 16

ABL (in CML)

Question 17

Governor of proliferation

Answer 17

Rb

Exerts antiproliferative effects by contorlling G1S checkpoint

Question 18

Guardian of the genome

Answer 18

P53;

Most commonly mutated TSG in human cancers

Question 19

Warburg metabolism

Answer 19

Fermentative glucose metabolism by cancer cells even in the presence of oxygen, which provides metabolic ingredients of synthesis of cellular consitutents

Question 20

Tumor lysis syndrome

Answer 20

Hyper
K,P,UA
Hypo-calcemia

Question 21

Histology of mumps

Answer 21

Interstitial edema and mononuclear pattern of inflammation

Question 22

Histology of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 22

“Granulomatosis infantiseptica”
CSF: intracellular, gram-positive posilli

Autopsy: multiple granulomas in major organs

Question 23

Morphology of syphilitic gumma

Answer 23

Central coagulation necrosis, rimmed by palisading macrophages, and fibroblasts, plasma cell-rich infiltrate and few spirochetes

Question 24

Findings in pneumocystis jirovecii

Answer 24

Cup-shaped or oval cysts with central dot

Question 25

Findings in mucor

Answer 25

Non-septate hyphal elements, branching at right angles

Question 26

Findings in babesiosis

Answer 26

Geimsa: maltese cross

Methylene blue: hemozoin (-)

Question 27

Visceral leishmaniasis

Answer 27

Travel to sudan, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly

Biopsy: macrophages filled with organisms

Question 28

T brucei on PBS

Answer 28

Flagellated organisms with undulating membrane and a small kinetoplast

Question 29

Findings in T cruzi

Answer 29

C-shaped, curved, trypanosomes with a LARGE kinetoplast infiltrating the myocardium

Question 30

Most common type of glomerulonephritis worldwide

Answer 30

IgA nephropathy

“Berger disease”