Pre-season Flashcards
ANA pattern of SLE
Peripheral (rim) pattern
Remark/s on SLE manifestations
Oral or nasal ulcers: usually painelss
Joint disease: nonerosive synovitis involving 2 or more peripheral joints
Renal disorder: persistent proteinuria >0.5 g/24 hours, or red cell casts
WBC <4000 on 2 or more occasions
Plt <100
Class I lupus nephritis
Minimal mesangial
Class II lupus nephritis
Mesangial proliferative
Class III lupus nephritis
FOCAL
<50% of glomeruli
Subendothelial IC deposits
📌similar with †MPGN I (subendothelial deposits)
†double contour, tram-track GBM on LM
Class IV lupus nephritis
DIFFUSE
>= 50% of glomeruli
Subendothelial IC deposits
Similar with †MPGN I’s subendothelial deposits
†double contour, tram-track GBM on LM
Class V lupus nephritis
MEMBRANOUS
LM: Diffuse capillary thickening
IF: subepithelial IC deposits 📌
PSGN: subepithelial HUMPS
*Membranous nephropathy:
Subepithelial deposits (spike and dome appearance)
- 2nd most common in adults
- assoc’d with SLE, infections (HBV, HCV, T pallidum, schistosoma, plasmodium)
Class VI lupus nephritis
ADVANCE SCLEROSING
Sclerosis of >90% of glomeruli
Antibodies in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Anti-DNA topoisomerase I
Anti-Scl 70
Autoantibody in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Anti-centromere antibodies
“Limited scleroderma
Acute antibody-mediatied transplant rejection
Inflammation of glomeruli and peritubular capillaries with focal thrombosis of small vessles
Remark/s on digeorge syndrome
CATCH 22 Cardiac defects Abnormal facial features Thymic hypoplasia Cleft palate Hypocalcemia Deletion in chromosome 22q11.2
Remark/s on Wiskott aldrich syndrome
TIE the WASP
Thrombocytopenia
Infections, recurrent
Eczematous dermatitis
Desmoplasia
Fibrous tissue formation in response to neoplasm
Most commonly mutated proto-oncogene in human cancers
RAS
Other examples of proto-oncogenes
ABL (in CML)
Governor of proliferation
Rb
Exerts antiproliferative effects by contorlling G1S checkpoint
Guardian of the genome
P53;
Most commonly mutated TSG in human cancers
Warburg metabolism
Fermentative glucose metabolism by cancer cells even in the presence of oxygen, which provides metabolic ingredients of synthesis of cellular consitutents
Tumor lysis syndrome
Hyper
K,P,UA
Hypo-calcemia
Histology of mumps
Interstitial edema and mononuclear pattern of inflammation
Histology of listeria monocytogenes
“Granulomatosis infantiseptica”
CSF: intracellular, gram-positive posilli
Autopsy: multiple granulomas in major organs
Morphology of syphilitic gumma
Central coagulation necrosis, rimmed by palisading macrophages, and fibroblasts, plasma cell-rich infiltrate and few spirochetes
Findings in pneumocystis jirovecii
Cup-shaped or oval cysts with central dot
Findings in mucor
Non-septate hyphal elements, branching at right angles
Findings in babesiosis
Geimsa: maltese cross
Methylene blue: hemozoin (-)
Visceral leishmaniasis
Travel to sudan, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly
Biopsy: macrophages filled with organisms
T brucei on PBS
Flagellated organisms with undulating membrane and a small kinetoplast
Findings in T cruzi
C-shaped, curved, trypanosomes with a LARGE kinetoplast infiltrating the myocardium
Most common type of glomerulonephritis worldwide
IgA nephropathy
“Berger disease”
