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VETS1003: Digestion > Prehension, Mastication, Ensalivation > Flashcards

Prehension, Mastication, Ensalivation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main structure used by rodents to stabilize/move food into the mouth?

A

Forelimbs

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2
Q

Which muscle contributes to the crushing force of jaws in carnivores?

A

Temporalis

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3
Q

An increase in parasympathetic stimulation will have what effect on salivation

A

Increases salivation

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4
Q

Which major salivary gland lies in the retromandibular fossa and comes up to the base of the dorsal external ear

A

Parotid gland

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5
Q

Prehension means

A

To grasp

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6
Q

What 4 body parts do animals use for prehension

A

-hands/paws
-lips
-teeth
-tongue

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7
Q

Mastication means

A

To chew

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8
Q

Mastication in carnivores is

A

Minimal

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9
Q

In ruminants, mastication

A

Increases surface area for absorption

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10
Q

Salivary glands are classified by

A

Their structure and type of secretion

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11
Q

Small salivary glands are located

A

In the mucosa/submucosa of labial (lips), lingual (tongue), and palatal (palate)

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12
Q

Four large salivary glands

A

-parotid
-mandibular
-sublingual
-zygomatic (carnivores only)

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13
Q

6 functions of saliva

A

-moistening
-lubricating
-dissolving
-antimicrobial properties
-buffering agents
-thermoregulation

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14
Q

In some species, ___ plays a role in the initial breakdown of carbohydrates

A

Amylase

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15
Q

Serous glands (4)

A

-water secretion
-may contain enzymes
-dark staining
-parotid gland

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16
Q

Mucous glands (5)

A

-produce mucin for lubrication
-columnar epithelium
-pale, frothy staining
-basal nuclei
-Mandibular and sublingual glands

17
Q

Mixed glands (3)

A

-both serous and mucous secretion
-may form demilunes (serous cell surrounding alveolar)
-mandibular, sublingual, and zygomatic glands

18
Q

Intralobar ducts are located

A

Within the lobes

19
Q

What cell is responsible for contracting/squeezing secretion out

A

Myoepithelial cell

20
Q

Interlobar ducts are located

A

Between lobes, within connective tissue

21
Q

Parotid gland (3)

A

-located in retromandibular fossa (ventral to base of ear)
-partly covered by superficial muscle (paratidoauricularis m.)
-serous secretion

22
Q

Parotid duct (3)

A

-crosses lateral masseter muscle, between dorsal and ventral buccal nerves
-can be damaged
-opens at parotid papilla

23
Q

Mandibular gland (4)

A

-located at caudal and medial angle of jaw
-partly covered by parotid
-mixed secretion
-opens near frenulum

24
Q

The sublingual caruncle is where

A

The mandibular duct opens into the oral cavity

25
Q

Sublingual gland (4)

A

-located on the floor of mouth
-mixed secretion (mostly mucous)
-monostomatic part (single duct opening close to or with the mandibular duct)
-polystomatic (diffuse) part (chain of lobules with many openings)

26
Q

Which gland is only found in carnivores

A

Zygomatic

27
Q

Two parts of the sublingual gland

A
  1. Monostomatic (single duct opening close to or with the mandibular duct)
  2. Polystomatic (Diffuse Sublingual) - chain of lobules with many openings
28
Q

Zygomatic gland (4)

A

-carnivores only
-lies between zygomatic arch and eyeball
-drains to papillae near parotid papillae, lateral to upper M1
-mixed secretion , mainly mucous

29
Q

Ranula(e) occurs when

A

Saliva is retained and causes swelling to adjacent tissue

30
Q

Hypersalivation, especially in stressed cats, is called

A

Ptyalism

31
Q

Minor glands help to

A

Lubricate immediate surrounding area

32
Q

6 minor glands

A

-Von Ebner
-Molar (cats only)
-labial (lips)
-lingual (tongue)
-palatine
-soft palate

33
Q

The molar gland is

A

A large labial gland found in cats

34
Q

Innervation of ensalivation is via (2)

A
  1. Sympathetic Fibres (vasoconstriction will decrease salivation; hypersalivation in aggressive dogs)
  2. Parasympathetic Fibres (vasodilation and secretion to aid in digestive process)
35
Q

Parasympathetic Innervation of ensalivation comes from (2)

A

-facial nerve (CN VII)
-glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

VETS1003: Digestion (19 decks)

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