Mesenteries Flashcards
The wall of the abdominal cavity is lined by the
Parietal peritoneum
The kidneys lie in the ___ space
Retroperitoneal Space
If you approach the abdominal cavity from the ventral aspect, which wall of the greater omentum do you see?
Superficial wall
As the stomach rotates during development, the dorsal primitive mesentry becomes the
Greater omentum
Four boundaries of the abdominal cavity
- Dorsal (lumbar vertebrae)
- Lateral and Ventral (ribs and abdominal muscle)
- Caudal (pelvic inlet)
- Cranial (diaphragm)
The thorax is defined by the
Margin of the ribs
The abdominal cavity extends
Well under the costal arch
The parietal peritoneum is on the
Wall of abdominal cavity
The visceral peritoneum (2)
-also called tunica serosa
-reflected over the organs in the abdominal cavity
The space between the Parietal and Visceral Peritoneums is
Peritoneal Cavity
Which peritoneum goes over organs
Visceral peritoneum (tunica serosa)
Mesentry support
Abdominal organs
The retroperitoneal space (3)
-lies dorsal to parietal peritoneum
-between the peritoneum and sublumbar muscles
-potential space
What 4 structures are located in the abdominal cavity BUT above the peritoneal space
-aorta
-caudal vena cava
-kidneys
-adrenal gland
The parietal peritoneum reflects down from the dorsal wall to become the
Mesentery
Serous membrane of mesenteries (5)
-thin layer
-lubricated by production of serous fluid
-loose connective tissue
-squamous mesothelial cells
-irregular microvilli
Serous fluid of the mesenteries (4)
-similar to plasma
-low protein
-free cells (lymphocytes, macrophages, etc.)
-NO red blood cells
Inflammation of the peritoneal cavity is
Peritonitis
Infection of the peritoneal cavity is called
Septic peritonitis
Peritoneal effusion occurs when
Volume of fluid and number of cells increase —> increased fibroblasts —> formation of adhesions
Peritoneal effusion can be caused by (6):
-inflammation (peritonitis)
-infection (septic peritonitis)
-pancreatitis
-parasites
-haemorrhage
-cancer
Stoma (3)
-located in the diaphragm
-aid in reabsorption
-drain via lymphatic system
Development of mesenteries occurs
In embryo
During development, the embryonic digestive tract
Is a tube supported/connected to peritoneum via the Dorsal and Ventral Primitive Mesentery
During embryonic development, the digestive tract
Lengthens and twists
The greater omentum attaches to
Stomach at the greater curvature
During development, the ventral primitive Mesentery will become
Lesser omentum
The lesser omentum attaches to
The liver
The dorsal primitive Mesentery will become the
Greater omentum
Mesenteries assist the GIT by
Carrying blood vessels, nerves, etc.
Which primitive Mesentery disappears during development
Ventral primitive Mesentery
2 walls of the greater omentum
-deep wall
-superficial wall
The greater omentum contains (3)
-blood vessels
-fat
-lymphatic tissue
Greater omentum (3)
-fold of serosa between the dorsal body wall and greater curvature of stomach
-repairs damage to peritoneum through the formation of adhesions
-very mobile
Deep wall of greater omentum (2)
-runs from the dorsal body wall near the pancreas to the pelvis
-folds centrally
Superficial wall of the greater omentum (2)
-runs back to the greater curvature from the deep wall
-can be seen when abdomen is opened ventrally
The superficial and deep walls of the grater omentum form
A sac called the Omental Bursa
The omental bursa is an
Enclosed pocket of peritoneal cavity
Entry to the omental bursa is via the
Epiploic formen of Winslow (between the hepatic portal vein and caudal vena cava)
Intestines can become caught in the
Epiploic form and of Winslow
What attaches the grater omentum to the spleen
Gastrosplenic ligament
The spleen will develop into
Dorsal mesogastrium
Gastric dilatation volvulus (GDV) (4)
-stomach dilates due to food/gas
-stomach rotates in the abdomen (volvulus) and can drag the spleen with it
-blood supply is cut off
-life threatening
What attaches the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver
Hepatogastric ligament
Mesenteries support the
Intestines
What attaches the duodenum to the liver
Hepatoduodenal ligament
The root of Mesentery (3)
-follows line of aorta
-origin of cranial mesenteries artery
-contains large jejunal lymph nods
