Pig Flashcards
The dental formula of pigs is similar to dogs except that pigs have an extra
Upper molar
The pig has a much larger ___ salivary gland than the dog, which covers the more medial ____ gland
Parotid; mandibular
The dorsomedial blind pouch off the fungus of the pig’s stomach is called the
Diverticulum ventriculi
Distinct longitudinal bands alone the pig’s intestine are called
Taenia
Pig teeth are
Brachydont
The pig has an extra bone in the nose called ___ which helps ____
Os rostrale; rooting behaviour
The upper incisors of pigs are ___ for ___
Curved; grasping
Lower incisors of the pig are
Projected rostrally
Pig teeth are designed for
Crushing
The occlusial surface of pig cheek teeth (2)
-more significant than in carnivores
-contain many tubercles (irregular surface)
The roots of pig canines exhibit ____ and form ___ in boars
Prolonged growth; tusks
Tusk growth in sows stop at around
2 years of age
Pigs have ___ teeth
44
Dental formula of adult pig
2 (I 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 3/3)
How many incisors does the pig have
6 upper, 6 lower
How many canines does the pig have
2 upper, 2 lower
How many premolars does the pig have
8 upper, 8 lower
How many molars does the pig have
6 upper, 6 lower
Needle teeth (5)
-found in piglets
-deciduous incisor 3 and canine teeth
-can be clipped at birth
-project laterally
-damage the sow’s teats
The babirusa is
A type of wild pig where the upper tusk pierces the flesh
The pig tongue is
Long and narrow
Three types of papillae on the pig’s tongue
-vallate (dorsal)
-foliate (lateral)
-fungiform
The parotid gland of pigs (2)
-very large
-covers medial mandibular salivary gland
The tonsils of pigs (4)
-large, flat follicular
-on the ventral surface of the soft palate
-extend down the lateral walls of oropahrynx
-assessed at slaughter
In pigs, what structure is located dorsal to the entrance of the oesophagus
Diverticulum
The stomach of pigs (4)
-mostly glandular
-less distension (not much stretch)
-has 4 parts
The oesophagus of pigs is mostly
Skeletal muscle, with the last 10% transitioning to smooth muscle
The dorsal-medial pouch that is off the fungus of the pig’s stomach is called the
Diverticulum ventriculi
4 parts of the pig’s stomach
-cardia
-fungus
-body
-pylorus
The largest portion of the pig’s stomach is te
Cardia
Most of the body of the pig’s stomach is
Fundic
Lymphatic nodules are abundant in the ___ and ___ of the pig’s stomach
Cardiac and diverticulum
The non-glandular region of the pig’s stomach (3)
-whitish
-rectangle around cardia
-predisposed to gastric ulcers
The pyloric region of the pig’s stomach includes the
Torus pyloricus
Torus pyloricus (3)
-narrows the pyloric sphincter
-near the lesser curvature of pig’s stomach
-fatty protrusion
There is a ___ area around the cardia of the pig’s stomach
Non-glandular
Largest part of the small intestine is the
Jejunum
Jejunum of pig (3)
-large number of small loops
-suspended in sublumbar region on the right side of abdominal wall
-when stomach is full, it will displace caudally
The ___ muscles layers of pig intestine are thick
Outer longitudinal
___ in the pig cause the intestines to bunch up, forming sacculations called ___
Taenia; haustra
Taenia are
Distinct longitudinal bands along the pig intestine
Pig caecum (4)
-large (~2L)
-left side of body pointing caudoventrally
-3 Taenia that divide the caecum into 3 haustra
-ventral to ileocaecal fold
The connection between the ileum and caecum is called the
Ileocaecal fold
The colon contains ___ Taenia
2
The caecum contains ___ Taenia
3
Pig colon (5)
-ascending colon forms a spiral loop
-tightly coiled centrifugal turns lack Taenia
-transverse colon is around the root of the mesenteries
-descending colon is close to the midline
-ampulla recti
The caudate lobe of the pig liver
Lacks papillary processes
Liver of the pig is comprised of (4)
-left and right lateral lobes
-left and right medial lobes
-quadrate lobe
-caudate lobe
The liver of pigs is mainly to the
Right of the median
The pig liver has great movement due to
Deep interlobule notches
The liver of pigs has a lot of ____ which makes it difficult to impossible to do ___
Connective tissue; needle aspiration
