practice test 3 Flashcards
receptor that is a free nerve ending that responds to extreme temp, mechanical damage and capsaicin
noiciceptor
hormone produced by adrenal cortex
aldosterone
cortisol
testosterone
muscles in middle ear that can help protect the struture of the ear from loud sounds
tensor tympani
stapedius
leukocyte that is rare and induces inflammation through the release of histamine
basophil
organ that removes erythrocytes and platelets from the blood, stores platelets and iron for later use, and provides a site for immune system surveillance by lymphocytes
spleen
chemoreceptor examples
aortic body
carotid body
sensory neuron
olfacotry
chamber of the heart that recieves o2 poor blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus
right atrium
structure helps focus light on the retina by changing the shape of the lens
ciliary body
example of an elastic artery
carotid
brachiocephalic
pulmonary trunk
aorta
where does partial decussation of fibers from the optic nerves occur
optic chiasm
which erythrocyte surface antigen is involved in erythroblastosis fetalis
rh factor
hormones released by anterior pituitary
fsh
lh
msh
prl
gh
tsh
acth
what valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium
tricuspid
structure crucial for helping to equalize pressure in the middle ear with atmospheric pressure
auditory eustachian tube
type of blood vessel plays a major role in controlling blood flow through capillaries
arteriole
type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs when the immune system destorys ___ in the pancreas, thus taking away the person’s ability to produce insulin
beta cells
olfactory sensory neurons synapse directly with
second order neurons in the olfactory bulb of the brain
lymphoid nodules in the oral cavity and pharynx are called
tonsils
chordae tendineae are associated with the ___ of the heart
papillary muscles
the spiral organ of corti is found within the
cochlear duct of the cochlea
which type of capillary is the most permeable
sinusoidal capillary
enlargement of the thryoid gland can occur due to a dietary defiency of
iodine
lymph nodes house macrophages and lymphocytes that help
destroy pathogens and remove debris from lymph
otoliths are embedded in a gelatinous membrane associated with the
maculae of the utricle
which type of blood vessel is characterized by the presence of internal valves
large vein
the hypophyseal portal system carries
hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary
which of the following is responsible for the phenomeone known as referred pain
neuronal convergence
purkinje fibers stimulate the
ventricles of the heart to contract
hemoglobin can bind to
either o2 or co2 molecules
what cells in the retina are responsible for color vision
cones
gustatory cells send signals
to sensory neurons when activated
which layer of a blood vessel is most responsible for vasconstriction and vasodilation
tunica media
following strucutres/tissues part of palpebra
conjunctiva
tasal plate
muscle
skin
renin and erythropoietin are hormones produced by the
kidneys
muscle spindle, which monitors the amount of stretch in skeletal muscles is an example of
proprioceptor
anemia occurs when
blood has low capacity for carrying o2
what cells in the adrenal medulla are modified post ganglionic neurons that release epinephrine directly into the blood
chromaffin cells
type of lymphatic vessel directly empties lymph into the venous circulation near the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins
lymphatic duct
which receptor is sensitive to pressure and distortion of the skin and consists of dendrites interwoven with collagen fibers in the dermis
bulbous ruffini corpuscle
_____ connects the right and left atria of the fetal heart and normally closes after birth
foramen ovale
what is the first structure light must pass through as it enters the eye
cornea
which hormone is synthesized within follicles in a substance called colloid
T3
phasic receptors are only active
when a change occurs in the conditions being monitored
the area monitored by a receptor is called the
receptive field
first order sensory neurons remain active when
central adaption is occuring
tonic receptors are always
active even when stimulus level is constant
the cerebral arterial circle connects
internal carotid and basilar arteries on the inferior aspect of the brain
sensory structures is most likely monitered by neurons from the vestibular ganglion
ampullary crest
most abundant protein type in blood plasma is
albumin
which structure articulates directly with the tympanic membrane
malleus
cardiac muscle cells with intercalated discs are concentrated within the
myocardium
antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are produced within the ____ and released by the _____
hypothalamus
posterior pituitary
fragmentation of megakaryocytes results in the formation of
platelets
