ch. 27 girls Flashcards
female gonads are
ovaries
reproductive tract
uterine tubes
uterus
vagina
external genitalia
vulva
clitoris
ovaries responsible for
eggs and hromones
female born with oocytes
500-1 million
primary oocytes stop during
4 months gestation
only 400,000 oocytes at
puberty
primary oocytes + follicular cells
primordial ovarian follicles
ovarian cycle average
28 days
beginning of cycle
primary ovarian follicles will develop into primary ovarian follicles
follicular cells divide repeatedly and become
granulosa cells
few primary follicles develop into
secondary ovarian follicles
only a single secondary follicle develops into
tertiary follicle
when tertiary follicle ruptures releases oocyte into peritoneal cavity
ovulation
ruptured follicle path
corpus luteum to the corpus albicians
corpus luteum produces
progestorone
corpus luteum progesterone makes sure
uterine wall stays in tact
corpus luteum degrades into
corpus albicians
uterine tube proximal end funnel
infundibulum
fertilization occurs within the
ampulla
oocyte moves through the
isthmus
uterus job
receive
protects
supports
fertilized embryo
uterus parts
fundus
body
cervix
uterus is supported by
broad ligament
uterus supplied by
ovarian arteries and uterine arteries
cervix opens up to the
vagina
wall of uterus (outside to inside)
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
uterine wall thickest layer
myometrium
endometirum layers
basal layer: straight arteries
inner functional layer: uterine glands and spiral arteries
inner functional layer is shed
every 28 days
days 1-5
menstrual phase
days 6-14
proliferative phase
days 15-28
secretory phase
menstrual phase sheds
functional layer
proliferative phase regenerates
functional layer
secretory layer converts
functional layer into secretory mucosa
functional layer converted helps
nourishment for embryo
vagina runs from
cervix to vestibule
cervix sits
between urethra and rectum
shallow recess around cervix
fornix
3 coats of vagina
outer adventitia
muscularis
inner mucosa with rugae
mucosa near distal vaginal orifice forms an incomplete
hymen
vulva contains
mons pubis and labia majora
mons pubis is small layer of
adipose tissue over pubic synthesis
labia majora enclose the
vestibule
clitoris is anterior to
vestibule
glans clitoris is surrounded by
prepuce
coitus vestibular bulbs
fill with blood to prevent urethral orifice
mammary glands are
modified sweat glands
adipose tissue contributes to
breast size and shape
lactiferous ducts collect milk and empty into
lactiferous sinuses
nipple sinuses
15-20
sebaceous gland in areola prevent
cracking of skin and give texture
ovulation is when the
secondary oocyte released at ovulation
when secondary oocyte released it is
surrounded by zona pellucida and corona radiata
acrosome of sperm releases
hyalurondase to break apart granulosa cells
pronuclei from sperm and egg fuse
to form zygote
oocyte nucleus completes
meiosis
inner membrane that secretes amniotic fluid
amnion
outer membrane that contributes to formation of placenta
chorion
non nutritive in humans
source of early blood cells
yolk sac
contributes to umbilical cord and parts of urinary bladder
allantois
is nutritive respiratory, and endocrine organ
placenta
what is fully functional after 3 months
placenta
o2 nutreitns and some antibodies passed from mother to child via
umbilical vein
metabolic waste passed from child to mother via
umbilical arteries
placenta produce
estrogen and progesterone
fetal blood and
maternal blood do not mix
circulation from fetal internal iliac arteries to placenta
umbilical arteries
circles from placenta to ductus venosus
umbilical vein
opening in interatrial septum
foramen ovale
allows some blood to bypass pulmonary circuit
foramen ovale
persists as fossa ovalis in adult heart
foramen ovale
shunt between pulmonary trunk and aorta
ductus arteriosus
allows must blood to bypass pulmonary circuit
ductus arteriosus
persists as ligamentum arteriosum
ductus arteriosus