Ch. 5 Flashcards
skeletal system function 6
form, protection,movement, store calvium and phosphate, blood cell formation, energy reserve
skeletal system energy reserve happens
in medullary cavity
how many bones do adults have
206
how many bones at birth
270
long bones
levers, long, humerous,
short bones
carpal wrist bones, short,
flat bones
parietal boens, sternum, scapula
irregular bones
complex, vertebra, skull bones, sphenoid,
sesamoid bone
bone develops in a tendon, patella,
fabella is located
in lower leg, calf
diaphysis is in the
middle of the bone, shaft, hollow
medullary cavity is in the
diaphysis
epiphysis is located
at each end of bone
epiphysis is covered with
articular cartilage
metaphysis is near
end of bone, narrow region
metaphysis contains
epiphyseal line
epiphyseal line
marks location of epiphyseal growth plate
periosteum
fibrous outer/inne3r layer
periosteum is rich with
nerves and vessels
endosteum lines
medullary cavity, trabeculae of spongy bone, and canals of compact bone
in medularry cavity there is marrow of
red and yellow
red marrow
domaniates, help blood vessells
yellow marrow is
adipose tissue, store fat long term
when you are young red marrow is
frequent
65% of bone volume is
calcium and phosphate mineral salts
osteoblasts build
bone
mineral salts bind around collagen fibers which
makes bones hard
osteoblasts secrete
osteoid
osteoids included
ground substance and collagen
osteoids help with bone
flexibility and tensile strength
four types of bone cells types
osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
osteoprogenitor cells are
stem cells, give rise to osteoblasts and cytes,
osteoprogenitor cells line
lining outer surface of bone, crucial in bone fracture
osteoblasts arise from
ostgeoprogenitor cells
osteogenesis is made by
osteoblasts
osteoblasts trapped in tissue is
osteocytes
osteocytes maintains
health and structure
osteoclasts come from
hemotopic blood cells
osteoclasts job is to
break down bone
two types of bone
spongy and compact
spongy bone is
deeper in
denser bone on outside of bone
compact bone
osteon is
center has space called central canal
from the central canal there is rings of tree called
lamella
perferating canals connects
central canal of one osteon to another
between bone lamella there are
spaces called lacuna
osteocytes reside in
lacuna
lacuna are connected through
canaliculus
prior to 8 weeks of gestation is
no bones
bone tissue begings to develolp through
intramembranous ossification
intramembranous ossification begins with
fibrous membrane turning to a bone
spicules form within
fibrous membrane
endochondral means it is in the
cartilage
thin layer of cartilage present on both ends of bone called
epiphysial plate
when your epiphyseal plate goes to line this means
done growing
bones change how mujch
all the time
once a decade all of what type of bone is replaced
compact
bone remodeling
is osteoblasts lay down near bone and osteoclasts resorbing old bone
spongy bone is replaced every
3-4 years
bone remodeling prevents
brittle bone
