Ch. 21 Flashcards
two circuits of the heart
pulmonary
systemic
pulmonary circuit caries blood that is
oxygen poor blood
pulmonary circuit order
right ventricle poor o2
o2 rich blood in left atrium
systemic circuit order
o2 rich blood to left ventricle
o2 poor blood to the right atrium
systemic circuit specializes for
cells and tissues
heart is located in the
mediastinum
mediastinum is the space between two
plueral cavities
between parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium is
pericardial fluid
apex is the
tip of the heart
heart is slightly
left on the chest
superior cells of the heart is the
epicardium
below the epicardium is the
myocardium
myocardium has
striated muscle cells connected by interca;ated discs
innermost layer of heart is the
endocardium
heart volume is mitochondria
25-35%
intercalated discs include
gap junctions and desmosomes
how many chambers in heart
4
2 superior heart chambers
atria
2 inferior heart chambners
ventricles
chambers divided by
interatrial septum
interventricular septum
heart atria volume increased by
auricles
fossa ovalis marks location of
fetal foramen ovale
oxygen poor blood enters right atrium via
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
coronary sinus
oxygen rich blood enters LA via
4 pulmonary veins
heart ventricles are
discharging chambers
papillary muscles project into
ventricular cavity and attach to valve es via chordae tendineae
rv pumps oxygen poor blood to pulmonary circuit via
pulmonary trunk
pulmonary arteries
LV pump oxygen rich blood to the systemic circuit via
aorta
tricuspid valve seperates
right atriujm from righ ventricle
bicuspid valve seperates the
left a left v
pulmonary semilunar valve is at the
base of the pulmonary trunk
aortic semilunar valve is at the
base of the aorta
pulmonary semilunar valve is for the
right side of the heart
lub dub
close of pulmonary valve then
aortic valve
steps of heart ciruclation
coming in through systemic into the
right atrium
go through tricuspid valve
left ventricle
pulmonary semilunar valve
pulmonary trunk
pulmonary arteries
lungs
return through
pulmonary veins
left atrium
through bicuspid valve
left ventricle
into aorta
through aortic semilunar valve
into aorta
to a body
coronary circulation supplies blood to the
muscle tissue of the heart
cardio muscle is
autorhythmic
electrical signals of the heart pumping start in the
sinoatrial node
sa
SA node located
superior area of heart
AV node doesn’t regularly send
messages by itself
av node pacemaker goes through to the
av bundle
purkinje fibers stimulate
walls of pulmanory trunk to contract
heart rate is
intrinsic set by SA NODE
sympathetic NS release
norepinephrine
norepinephrine increases
HR and force of contraction
parasympathetic NS releases
acetylcholine
acetyclcholine decreases
heart rate
myocardial infarction is a
heart attack
cardiac arrhythmias means
irregular hb
septal defect common for downsyndrome
atrioventricular
