Practice Questions Test 2 (Deck 3)

Question 1

________ accumulations

are a manifestation of derangement in cells

Answer 1

Intracellular accumulations

Question 2

Accumulations are attributed to what 4 types of abnormalities?

Answer 2

1. Abnormal metabolism
2. Defect in protein folding or transport
3. Lack of an enzyme
4. Ingestion of indigestible material

Question 3

Fatty changes in the liver

and

Resorption Protein Droplets in Renal Tubules

are due to what abnormality?

Answer 3

Abnormal metabolism

Question 4

Storage diseases like

**GM1 **and GM2 Gangliosidosis

are due to what type of abnormality?

Answer 4

Abnormality in

protein folding or transport

in the storage of lipids

Question 5

Carbon particles and silica accumulate due to the lack of what?

Answer 5

The lack of an

enzyme

to degrade carbon and silica

Question 6

Anthracosis is what type of accumulation?

Answer 6

TRICK!

It’s both types of accumulation

Intracellular AND Extracellular

Question 7

Hepatocytes

Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle

and

Kidneys

are subject to accumulation by what substance?

Answer 7

Lipid accumulation

occurs in

Hepatocytes, Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle, and Kidneys

Question 8

Glycogen is normally stored in variable amounts in 2 places. What are they?

Answer 8

Glycogen

stored normally in

Hepatocytes and Myocytes

Question 9

Diabetes mellitus

is an example of a disease that is characterized by

accumulation of what substance?

Answer 9

Diabetes mellitus

Glycogen accumulation

Question 10

Hyperadrenocorticism (steroid-induced hepatopathy)

is characterized by accumulation of what substance?

Answer 10

Hyperadrenocorticism (steroid-induced hepatopathy)

Glycogen accumulation

Question 11

Pompe’s Disease

and

EPSSM (Equine Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy)

are examples of

_______ storage diseases

Answer 11

Pompe’s and EPSSM are

Glycogen storage diseases

Question 12

Pompe’s Disease

is a glycogen storage disease that predisposes

Lapphunds, Shorthorn cattle, and Brahmin cattle

to a defective enzyme called _______.

Answer 12

GAA

is the defective enzyme in

POMPE’S Disease

Question 13

What glycogen storage disease

affects the cardiomyocytes

and

peripherally displaces contractile elements?

Answer 13

Pompe’s Disease

Question 14

EPSSM affects

Type ___ muscle fibers

like those in the

• Semitendinosus*
• and*
• Semimembranosus?*

Answer 14

EPSSM

Type 2 muscle fibers

Question 15

Which glycogen storage disease

causes intracytoplasmic accumulations

of abnormal polsaccharides and subsarcolemmal

glycogen?

Answer 15

EPSSM

Question 16

Protein accumulations are generally

intra________ accumulations.

Answer 16

Protein accumulations are

intracytoplasmic

Question 17

If you see

Russell bodies (grapelike) and **Mott Cells **(plasma cells)

you have an intracellular accumulation of

_______

Answer 17

If you see

Russell bodies and Mott Cells

you have an accumulation of

PROTEIN

Question 18

• Herpesvirus*
• Adenovirus*

and

Parvovirus

are DNA viruses that can cause intra________ accumulations

Answer 18

IntraNUCLEAR

Question 19

A DNA virus that causes

Intracytoplasmic accumulations

Answer 19

Poxviruses

cause

intracytoplasmic accumulations

Question 20

Negri Bodies

in Rabies

is an intra________

accumulation of viral proteins

Answer 20

Negri Bodies

are

Intracytoplasmic

Question 21

What is an example of an RNA virus that can cause

both Intranuclear AND Intracytoplasmic

inclusion bodies?

Answer 21

Canine Distemper (Paramyxovirus)

BOTH accumulations

Question 22

A systemic disease involving the

immune system and abnormal protein folding is called

Answer 22

Amyloidosis

Question 23

In amyloidosis,

which protein is

Ig-Light-chain derived?

Answer 23

AL protein

is Ig Light Chain derived!

Question 24

Which protein of amyloidosis is produced with

chronic inflammation?

Answer 24

AA protein

is associated with chronic inflammation amyloidosis

Question 25

Ig Light Chain Derived Amyloidosis (from **plasma cells**) is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in animals

Answer 25

**_UNCOMMON_**

Question 26

What type amyloidosis do animals have?

Answer 26

Secondary amyloidosis (Serum protein AA, *Reactive system amyloidosis*)

Question 27

What breeds of dogs and cats are predisposed to secondary amyloidosis of the **familial type**?

Answer 27

Dogs: Beagles and Shapeis Cats: Abyssian, Siamese, and Oriental

Question 28

What is the most common type of amyloidosis in domestic animals, but is RARE IN SWINE?

Answer 28

Familial amyloidosis

Question 29

Black footed cats and Captive cheetahs get this type of amyloidosis

Answer 29

**Systemic amyloidosis** in black-footed cats and cheetahs

Question 30

Idiopathic amyloidosis (**AB-type**) is most common in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\__?_

Answer 30

Idiopathic (ABt-type) amyloidosis is most common in **older dogs**

Question 31

Most animals deposit *kidney* amyloids in their **glomeruli** with the exception of CATS who deposit amyloids in their \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 31

CATS deposit amyloids in their **_MEDULLAE_**

Question 32

Where are most animals likely to deposit amyloids in their livers?

Answer 32

In the **Space of Disse** in the liver

Question 33

Amyloids in the spleen are located specifically in the spleen's ________ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 33

Amyloids in the spleen are located specifically in the spleen's _Germinal_ _Centers_

Question 34

Amyloid deposits in the **Islets of Langerhaans** in the pancreas is characteristic of what disease?

Answer 34

Diabetes mellitus

Question 35

What is used to stain amyloids?

Answer 35

Congo Red and PAS with the SH method or **Lugol's Iodine Stain** of amyloid

Question 36

Amyloidosis is a type of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ accumulation

Answer 36

EXTRACELLULAR

Question 37

*Fibrinoid change, Gout, and Chloesterol Crystal Clefts* are examples of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ accumulations

Answer 37

Fibrinoid change, Gout, and Chloesterol Crystal Clefts are examples of _EXTRACELLULAR_ accumulations

Question 38

**Tophi** is the deposition of sodium urate crystals in tissues. It is pathognomonic for what extracellular accumulation disease?

Answer 38

**TOPHI** is pathognomonic for **GOUT** in *birds and reptiles* Due to: Vitamin A deficiency, high protein diets, or renal injury

Question 39

**Cholesterol crystal clefts** are by-products of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 39

Cholesterol crystal clefts are by-products of _hemorrhage_ and _necrosis_

Question 40

**Cholesterol crystal clefts** are extracellular accumulations that occur in what 2 diseases?

Answer 40

*Cholesterol Crystal Clefts* occur in **Atherosclerosis** and **Choroid Plexus of Old Horses in Cholesteatomas**

Question 41

What is ***cholesteatomas***?

Answer 41

An accumulation of *cholesterol crystal clefts* in the *choroid plexus* of old horses that obstruct the flow of CSF through the **intraventricular foramen** and cause **Hydrocephalus (sequelae)**