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RUSVM Pathology 3rd Semester > Practice Questions Test 2 (2nd Deck) > Flashcards

Practice Questions Test 2 (2nd Deck) Flashcards

1
Q

Caratenoid pigment and Tetracycline are

________ pigments

A

Exogenous pigments

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2
Q

Which species have caratenoid pigment in their plasma/serum and fat?

A

Horses

Dogs

Cattle (Jersey and Guernsey)

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3
Q

Which pigment is deposited in dentin, enamel, and cementum and in high doses can cause

enamel hypoplasia?

A

Tetracycline

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4
Q

Which pigment is found in the

pia arachnoid of Suffolk sheep?

A

Melanin

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5
Q

Which pigment is found in the oral mucous membranes of cow species like the Jersey cow, and dog species, like the Chow?

A

Melanin

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6
Q

In order to be formed, melanin requires oxidation of

________ by ________

A

Tyrosine by Tyrosinase

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7
Q

If an animal is lacking

tyrosinase

what is its’ condition called?

A

Albinism

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8
Q

Copper deficiency affects cattle and sheep and is

associated with

high _______ in water.

A

Copper deficiency affects cattle and sheep and is

associated with

high sulfur in water.

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9
Q

What stain is used to identify melanin in histology?

A

Masson-Fontana

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10
Q

This pigment is found in lysosomes as the end result of autophagocytosis of cell constituents. It is known as the “wear and tear” pigment.

A

Lipofuscin

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11
Q

What stain is used to ID Lipofuscin in histology?

A

PAS stain

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12
Q

What kind of cells are you most likely to find Lipofuscin in?

A

Permanent or Slow-dividing Cells

Neurons

Skeletal Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

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13
Q

What is the normal pigment of Red blood cells?

A

Hemoglobin

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14
Q

What is it called when a patient’s skin appears blue because of non-oxygenated hemoglobin?

A

Cyanosis

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15
Q

What pigment is responsible for storing Iron?

A

Hemosiderin

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16
Q

What does ferritin do when there is an excess of iron?

A

Ferritin forms

hemosiderin granules

when there is an excess of iron

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17
Q

Where is the pigment Hemosiderin found?

A

Hemosiderin is found in

  • mononuclear phagocytes of the*
  • bone marrow*
  • spleen*
  • and liver*
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18
Q

T/F:

Hemosiderosis is a toxic pathological condition

A

FALSE

HemoCHROMatosis

is the toxic condition

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19
Q

The accumulation of hemosiderin ferritin micelles is called

A

Hemosiderosis

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20
Q

Overloads of hemosiderin in

parenchymal cells of the liver

is called

A

Hemochromatosis

21
Q

T/F:

Hemochromatosis is an inherited condition

A

TRUE

22
Q

What causes cell injury and tissue damage

in Hemochromatosis?

A
  1. Free radical induced lipid peroxidation
  2. Increased lysosomal membrane fragility
23
Q

In Humans, Hemochromatosis is caused by a mutation in which gene?

A

HFE-1

24
Q

Saler’s cattle are predisposed to what pigment related toxic accumulation disease?

A

Hemochromatosis

25
Q

What is used to stain Hemosiderin?

A

Prussian Blue

is used for Hemosiderin

26
Q

T/F:

Bilirubin is a normal pigment found in bile with high concentrations of iron

A

FALSE

Bilirubin is derived from hemoglobin but

HAS NO IRON

27
Q

Which pigment is seen as the end product of

heme degradation?

A

Bilirubin

28
Q

T/F:

Bilirubin is normally found in plasma

A

TRUE

Low concentrations of bilirubin are found in plasma

due to breakdown of

senescent cells

29
Q

Jaundice is a pathology associated with what pigment?

A

Bilirubin

(An excess of bilirubin in cells and tissues)

30
Q

A patient is experiencing icterus (jaundice). After taking a blood sample, you find

unconjugated bilirubin

in the blood.

Where is the problem?

A

Unconjugated bilirubin is indicative of

prehepatic or hepatic

mechanisms producing excess bilirubin

such as

reduced uptake

or

impaired conjugation

31
Q

A patient is experiencing icterus (jaundice). After taking a blood sample, you find

conjugated bilirubin

in the blood.

Where is the problem?

A

Conjugated bilirubin is indicative of

hepatic or POSThepatic

mechanisms due to

Decreased excretion

or

Impaired bile flow

32
Q

T/F:

Hyperbilirubinemia can be present without Icterus

A

TRUE

Icterus is only present when

1.5 - 2.0 mg/ 100 mL

concentration in the blood

33
Q

Which pigment is associated with

parasitic infections?

A

Hematin

34
Q

T/F:

Hematin is seen in cases of *Fasciola hepatica *

A

FALSE!!!

Hematin is seen in Fascioloides magna

a liver fluke in the hepatic parenchyma

and also in macques infected with

Pneumonyssus simicola

35
Q

What pigment is found in

siderodic plaques**?

A

Hematoidin

36
Q

T/F:

Hematin is found in siderodic plaques

A

FALSE

Hematoidin is found in siderodic plaques

37
Q

What is the name of the rare congenital disorder that causes pink tooth?

A

Porphyria

38
Q

Which breeds of cattle are predisposed to

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria?

A

Hereford and Holstein

39
Q

Porphyria

is a rare congenital disorder

caused by a defect in what?

A

Uroporphyrinogen 3 Cosynthase

40
Q

Where is porphyria accumulation seen?

A

In the kidney cortex

41
Q

The deposition of calcium phosphate in necrotic tissue is called?

A

**Dystrophic **calcification

42
Q

Chronic pancreatitis calcification

and

Atherosclerotic plaques

are examples of

________ calcification.

A

Chronic pancreatitis calcification

and

Atherosclerotic plaques

are examples of

dystrophic calcification.

43
Q

How is calcium stained?

A

Using

Alzarin

or

Van Kossa

44
Q

Calcification related to

mycobacterium

is called?

A

Metastatic calcification

45
Q

The deposition of calcium into normal tissues

is called?

A

**Metastatic **calcification

46
Q

Johnes Disease in Cattle

and

Calcification of renal tubular basement membrane

are examples of

_______ calcification

A

Metastatic

47
Q

Metastatic calcification is due to

increased serum

calcium and/or _______

A

phosphate

48
Q

**What are the 4 causes of **

Metastatic Calcification

in Vet Med?

A
  1. Renal Failure
  2. Ingestion of Cestrum Diurnum or Cholecalciferol
  3. PTH problems
    1. Lymphomas
    2. Canine ACA of anal sac glands
  4. Primary or metastatic neoplasms

RUSVM Pathology 3rd Semester (12 decks)

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