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practice final Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is an example of a self-guided screening for physical activity?
Group of answer choices

a. Physician’s medical release form (i.e., HIPAA requirements)

b. Stress test conducted by a qualified health care provider

c. Informed consent

d. PAR-Q+

A

d

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2
Q

Exercise professionals should have a thorough knowledge of factors and criteria for conducting an appropriate exercise preparticipation health screening. However, one area that is outside the scope of expectation for these professionals is
a. the criteria for known cardiovascular, metabolic diseases, and renal disease.
b. the definition of participation in regular exercise.
c. signs and or symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal diseases.
d. the pathologic sequencing of the disease.

A

d

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3
Q

True or False? An individual who has Type 2 diabetes and does not participate in regular exercise does not need medical clearance prior to engaging in moderate intensity aerobic exercise.

A

false

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4
Q

When you have a new patient/client, what is the FIRST component you would do during the interview?
a. Have them fill out the informed consent
b. Have them fill out the exercise preparticipation health screening
c. Have them fill out the Past Medical/Health history form
d. Perform a Cardiovascular (CV) risk factor analysis

A

a

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5
Q

Regardless of participation in regular exercise, an exercise professional should advise an individual to seek medical clearance prior to participating in an exercise program under which of the following condition(s)?
A. If the individual is asymptomatic and has no cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease
B. If the individual is symptomatic, yet has no cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease
C. If the individual is asymptomatic, yet has cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease
D. All of the above

A

d

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6
Q

A 60-yr-old woman is beginning a professionally led walking program. Two years ago, she had a drug-eluting stent placed in her left anterior descending coronary artery after a routine exercise stress test revealed significant ST-segment depression. She completed a brief cardiac rehabilitation program in the 2 mo following the procedure but has been inactive since. She reports no signs or symptoms and takes a cholesterol-lowering statin and antiplatelet medications as directed by her cardiologist.

Currently participates in regular exercise?

A

yes

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7
Q

A 60-yr-old woman is beginning a professionally led walking program. Two years ago, she had a drug-eluting stent placed in her left anterior descending coronary artery after a routine exercise stress test revealed significant ST-segment depression. She completed a brief cardiac rehabilitation program in the 2 mo following the procedure but has been inactive since. She reports no signs or symptoms and takes a cholesterol-lowering statin and antiplatelet medications as directed by her cardiologist.

Known CV, metabolic, or renal disease?

A

yes

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8
Q

A 60-yr-old woman is beginning a professionally led walking program. Two years ago, she had a drug-eluting stent placed in her left anterior descending coronary artery after a routine exercise stress test revealed significant ST-segment depression. She completed a brief cardiac rehabilitation program in the 2 mo following the procedure but has been inactive since. She reports no signs or symptoms and takes a cholesterol-lowering statin and antiplatelet medications as directed by her cardiologist.

Signs or symptoms suggestive of disease?

A

no

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9
Q

A 60-yr-old woman is beginning a professionally led walking program. Two years ago, she had a drug-eluting stent placed in her left anterior descending coronary artery after a routine exercise stress test revealed significant ST-segment depression. She completed a brief cardiac rehabilitation program in the 2 mo following the procedure but has been inactive since. She reports no signs or symptoms and takes a cholesterol-lowering statin and antiplatelet medications as directed by her cardiologist.

Desired intensity?
a. Vigorous
b. Moderate
d. Light

A

b

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10
Q

A 60-yr-old woman is beginning a professionally led walking program. Two years ago, she had a drug-eluting stent placed in her left anterior descending coronary artery after a routine exercise stress test revealed significant ST-segment depression. She completed a brief cardiac rehabilitation program in the 2 mo following the procedure but has been inactive since. She reports no signs or symptoms and takes a cholesterol-lowering statin and antiplatelet medications as directed by her cardiologist.

Medical clearance needed?

A

yes

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11
Q

What is the most common type of heart surgery performed?
a. Aortic repair
b. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
c. Valve replacement
d. Heart Transplant

A

b

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12
Q

What group has the highest rate of asthma?
a. hispanic
b. african american
d. white
d. Alaskan native and american indian

A

d

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13
Q

Why should upper limb activities above the shoulder be avoided for the first six weeks after implantation of a pacemaker?
a. It will hurt their shoulder
b. They should avoid all activities
c. To prevent lead dislodgment
d. None of the above

A

c

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14
Q

What are common symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure ?
a. fatigue, shortness of breath, arrythmias, weight gain, edema
b. fatigue, shortness of breath, chest tightness
c. fatigue, chest tightness, wheezing, coughing
d. None of the above

A

a

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15
Q

Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) a leading cause of death in the US…. true or false

A

true

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16
Q

What race has a waiting percentage of 70% for heart transplantation?
a. Asian
b. African American
c. White
d. Hispanic

A

c

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17
Q

What may contribute to a diagnosis of angina?
A. balanced diet with nutritional variety
B. getting 6 or less hours of sleep
C. emotional distress
D. b & c
E. none of the above

A

d

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18
Q

Which of the following would be most at risk of developing angina?
a. Male (Age 62)
b. Female (Age 63)
c. Male (Age 24)
d. Female (Age 26)

A

b

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19
Q

What is the most common cause of COPD?
a. Air Pollutants
b. drinking too much water
c. consistently exercising
d. Smoking

A

d

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20
Q

What demographic group is most likely to have Congestive Heart Failure ?
a. older adults who suffer chronic consequences of unhealthy habits (smoking, unhealthy eating, etc.)
b. older populations (around 65)
c. older populations with a history of cardiovascular disease or family history of cardiovascular disease
d. All of the Above

A

d

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21
Q

During pregnancy, the metabolic demand increases; therefore, pregnant women who are physical active should
a. refrain from exercise.
b. eat fewer calories.
c. likely increase caloric intake.
d. only engage in high intensity exercise

A

c

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22
Q

In a healthy pregnant woman, which of the following is not a valid reason that exercise should be terminated?
a. Increased fetal movement
b. Calf pain or swelling
c. Headache
d. Dizziness

A

a

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23
Q

In a nationally representative sample of cancer survivors, what percentage engaged in at least 150 min of weekly moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise?
a. <10%
b. 10%–20%
c. 20%–30%
d. 30%–40%

A

a

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24
Q

Observational studies suggest that participation in regular and sufficient amounts of PA after diagnosis of early-stage, potentially curable, cancer is associated with a lower risk of cancer-specific mortality in all forms of cancer except
a. breast.
b. colon.
c. prostate.
d. stomach.

A

d

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25
Q

For cancer survivors engaging in resistance exercise, what is the recommended frequency?
a. Daily
b. Once per week
c. 2-3 times per week
d. Every other day

A

c

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26
Q

Which chemotherapy-related condition involves symptoms like numbness, tingling, and balance impairments?
a. Osteoporosis
b. Lymphedema
c. Peripheral neuropathy
d. Pelvic floor dysfunction

A

c

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27
Q

True or False? Pregnant women should avoid exercising in the supine position after 16 wk of pregnancy.

A

true

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28
Q

True or False? Women who were highly active prior to pregnancy may participate in vigorous intensity aerobic exercise.

A

true

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29
Q

Which is most true of cancer?
a. Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States.
b. More women die annually from cancer than men.
c. The annual cancer death rates by gender are about equal.
d. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States

A

d

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30
Q

Which of the following types of exercises should healthy pregnant women avoid?
a. Cycle ergometry
b. Soccer
c. Jogging
d. Stair climbing

A

b

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31
Q

Although individuals with Down syndrome have facial features such as smaller nose, flat nasal bridge, and smaller mouth, this typically does not present any concerns when exercising at higher intensities.
true or false?

A

false

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32
Q

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia.
true or false

A

true

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33
Q

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has an estimated U.S. prevalence rate of
a. 1 case per 5.9 children.
b. 1 case per 59 children.
c. 1 case per 590 children.
d. 1 case per 5,900 children.

A

b

34
Q

Cerebral palsy is the most common motor disability in childhood.
true or false

A

true

35
Q

For individuals with cerebral palsy, it may be necessary to use adaptive equipment during exercise testing, such as
a. walking poles.
b. ankle stabilizers.
c. straps or holding gloves.
d. neck brace.

A

c

36
Q

For individuals with Parkinson’s disease, clinical balance tests include all but which of the following?
a. Berg Balance Scale
b. Mini-BESTest
c. Single limb stance
d. Sit and reach

A

d

37
Q

High intensity interval training (HIIT) may be a good alternative for those with ADHD due to
a. The higher intensity and shorter duration require greater levels of concentration and focus.
b. The higher intensity and shorter duration require increased movement across the brain synapses.
c. The higher intensity and shorter duration reduce the need for concentration and focus.
d. The higher intensity and shorter duration require increased coordination, which is normal lacking in individuals with ADHD.

A

a

38
Q

The evidence seems to indicate that exercise duration of >30 min has the greatest effect on reducing anxiety symptoms; however, evidence also shows that exercise bouts of as little as _______ min can also reduce anxiety symptoms.
a. 1
b. 8
c. 12
d. 16

A

a

39
Q

What is the greatest known risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s disease?
a. Gender
b. Race
c. Height
d. Age

A

d

40
Q

Which is not considered a valid and reliable fitness test for the individual with ADHD?
a. The 20-m shuttle run to assess CRF
b. The handgrip strength
c. Standing broad jump to assess musculoskeletal fitness
d. Cooper 1.5-mi run

A

d

41
Q

For individuals with PAD, the most noticeable improvements from exercise rehabilitation tend to occur
a. in the first month.
b. in the initial 2–3 mo.
c. after 3–4 mo.
d. after 6 mo.

A

b

42
Q

For the individual with diagnosed hypertension, emphasis in exercise prescription should be placed on
a. aerobic activities.
b. resistance training with education on avoiding the Valsalva Maneuver .
c. healthy weight loss, if overweight.
d. all of the above

A

d

43
Q

If an individual with hypertension performs intermittent aerobic exercise, bouts should be a minimum of
a. 5 min.
b. 10 min.
c. 20 min.
d. 30 min.

A

b

44
Q

Major risk factors for Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) include all except
a. diabetes.
b. hypertension.
c. male gender.
d. female gender.

A

d

45
Q

PAD generally affects which area of the body?
a. The upper chest
b. The upper legs
c. The lower legs
d. The abdomen

A

c

46
Q

In the individual with diagnosed hypertension, it is prudent to maintain Systolic (SBP) ______ mm Hg and Diastolic (DBP) ___________ mm Hg during exercise.
a. 120; 80
b. 150, 90
c. 220; 105
d. 250, 120

A

c

47
Q

One of the primary focuses on aerobic exercise prescriptions with individuals who have PAD/Intermittent Claudication are:
a. Light intensity (i.e., 20%–39% V∙ O2R) to the point of moderate pain (i.e., 3-4 out of 5 on the claudication pain scale)
b. Moderate intensity (i.e., 40%–59% V∙ O2R) to the point of mild pain (i.e., 1-2 out of 5 on the claudication pain scale)
c. Moderate intensity (i.e., 40%–59% V∙ O2R) to the point of moderate pain (i.e., 3-4 out of 5 on the claudication pain scale)
d. vigorous intensity (i.e., 80%–100% V∙ O2R) to the point of moderate pain (i.e., 3-4 out of 5 on the claudication pain scale)

A

c

48
Q

The pre-exercise assessment for individuals who have PAD/intermittent claudication includes:
a. A careful evaluation of the lower extremity skin and feet and regarding proper shoes to avoid skin irritation and breakdown
b. A careful review of the heart EKG
c. A stress test to evaluate a baseline of symptoms
d. A thorough evaluation of the individual’s functional capacity

A

a

49
Q

When exercising an individual with Hypertension, it is important to recognize that the Diastolic Blood Pressure should:
a. Increase Steadily
b. Decease Steadily
c. Should remain the same or change very little (±10 mm Hg)
d. Rapidly decease within the first 10 minutes of exercise training

A

c

50
Q

When individuals with PAD engage in exercise training programs, increased in pain-free walking time are shown to increase
a. 50%–75%.
b. 70%–85%.
c. 85%–100%.
d. >100%.

A

d

51
Q

A blood glucose level of less than ______ mg · dL−1 is considered a relative contraindicate for exercise.
a. 70
b. 75
c. 80
d. 90

A

a

52
Q

During combined training, completing resistance training prior to aerobic training may lower the risk of hypoglycemia in individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
true or false

A

true

53
Q

HbA1C is the current standard for diagnosing diabetes. The threshold at which HbA1C is considered diabetes is
a. 3.8%.
b. 5.7%.
c. 6.0%.
d. 6.7%.

A

d

54
Q

Which of the following is true about Type 1 Diabetes?
a. it usually affects older individuals
b. The body produces too much insulin
c. The body does not produce insulin
d. It can be treated with oral medications

A

c

55
Q

What is the fastest way to raise blood glucose during hypoglycemia?
a. Inject insulin
b. Administer sublingual sugar
c. Drink water
d. Take oral insulin

A

b

56
Q

Which group is disproportionately affected by Type 2 Diabetes?
a. Caucasians
b. Asians/Pacific Islanders
c. Europeans
d. Children

A

b

57
Q

Which is true for FREQUENCY for the FITT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DIABETES?
a. Aerobic exercise is recommended 3–7 day per week and no more than 2 consecutive days without activity
b. A minimum of 2 nonconsecutive days per week for resistance training
c. ≥2–3 days per week for Flexibility and Balance
d. All of the Above

A

d

58
Q

Resistance training should be encouraged for individuals with diabetes mellitus unless they
a. have increased HbA1C levels.
b. are insulin resistant.
c. also have hypertension.
d. have severe proliferative retinopathy.

A

d

59
Q

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is by far the most prevalent type of diabetes in the population.
true or false

A

true

60
Q

Which of the following is not an effective strategy to prevent hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia during exercise?
a. Changing insulin timing
b. Increasing protein intake
c. Increasing carbohydrate intake
d. Reducing insulin doses

A

b

61
Q

About what percentage of initial weight loss is regained within 1 year of terminating treatment?
a. 10%–25%
b. 25%–40%
c. 30%–50%
d. >70%

A

c

62
Q

Overweight and obesity are linked to all of the following health issues except
a. cancer.
b. diabetes mellitus.
c. osteoporosis.
d. musculoskeletal problems.

A

c

63
Q

What is a normal body mass index (BMI)? (kg · m−2)
a. 18.5–24.9
b. 15–17
c. 25–30
d. >35

A

a

64
Q

Which factor(s) contributes to obesity?
a. Genetics
b. Sedentary Lifestyle
c. Excessive caloric intake
d. All of the above

A

d

65
Q

The exercise prescription to maximize weight loss should:
a. Start with aerobic conditioning at moderate to vigorous intensities for 30 min and progress to daily if possible
b. only include resistance training
c. Start with aerobic conditioning at low to moderate intensities for 30 min and progress to daily if possible
d. Start with aerobic conditioning at low to moderate intensities for 30 min for 2-3 days a week

A

c

66
Q

Dyslipidemia is characterized by having __________ levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), ___________ levels of triglycerides (TG), or ________ levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C).
a. elevated, low, low
b. elevated, low, elevated
c. low, low, elevated
d. elevated, elevated, low

A

a

67
Q

A desirable value for your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is considered: (mg dL)
a. <100
b. 120
c. 150
d. 190

A

a

68
Q

Individuals taking statins or fibric acid may experience muscle weakness and soreness termed myalgia.
true or false

A

true

69
Q

The current indication for bariatric surgery is a BMI of
a. 10.0 kg · m−2.
b. >40.0 kg · m−2 and comorbidities.
c. >35.0 kg · m−2.
d. >35.0 kg · m−2 and comorbidities.

A

d

70
Q

To promote long-term weight loss, individuals should progress to at least ______ min · wk−1 of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise.
a. 150
b. 200
c. 250
d. 400

A

c

71
Q

An appropriate mechanism to gauge intensity of exercise for older adults as moderate is
a. 60%–80% HRR.
b. HRR of 120–130 beats · min−1.
c. 5–6 on an RPE scale of 0–10.
d. 8-9 on an RPE scale of 0-10

A

c

72
Q

An exercise prescription for individuals with arthritis should include all of the following functional exercises, except
a. sit-to-stand.
b. step-ups.
c. abdominal crunches.
d. stair climbing.

A

c

73
Q

Fall prevention activities for the older adult should include all except
a. isolated core training.
b. progressively difficult postures and minimize base of support. .
c. reduced sensory input.
d. dynamic movements out of there cone of stability

A

a

74
Q

Neuromotor exercise combines
a. strength, balance, and static stretching.
b. strength, balance, and dynamic stretching.
c. strength, balance, and agility.
d. balance, agility, and proprioceptive training

A

d

75
Q

Older adults may particularly benefit from _________ training because this element of muscle fitness declines most rapidly with aging.
a. power
b. strength
c. muscular endurance
d. flexibility

A

a

76
Q

Physical activity may reduce the risk for osteoporotic fracture by all of the following except
a. enhancing peak bone mass achieved during growth and development.
b. slowing the rate of bone loss with aging.
c. reducing the risk of falls via the benefits of muscle strength and balance.
d. reduced bone regeneration due to exercise.

A

d

77
Q

Which of the following interventions that are supported by evidence-based practice is recommended for patients who experiences sarcopenia?
A. Using protein supplements in order to minimize the loss of muscle mass and protein synthesis
B. Light Resistance exercise to partially reversed or progression of the loss slowed.
C. Cardiovascular training for 20-30 min 5 days a week
D. All of the Above

A

a

78
Q

True or False? Older adults should avoid vigorous intensity resistance training.

A

false

79
Q

Which is most true about osteoporosis?
a. The overall prevalence rate is expected to plateau.
b. It is primarily characterized by high bone mineral density.
c. it is far more prevalent in men compared to women.
d. Exercise is considered a primary nonpharmacological treatment for preventing osteoporosis.

A

d

80
Q

Which statement regarding older adults is true?
a. All adults >75 yr should undergo an exercise test prior to initiating an exercise program.
b. During a maximal exercise test, most older adults have a maximal heart rate that is 15–20 beats · min−1 lower than age-predicted maximal heart rate.
c. There is little evidence suggesting that adults >75 yr have increased mortality or cardiovascular event risk during exercise.
d. Handrail support increases the accuracy of estimating peak MET capacity in adults >85 yr.

A

c

exercise prescription (18 decks)

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