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exercise prescription > final exam review > Flashcards

final exam review Flashcards

1
Q

recommended sequence of patient evaluation

A

informed consent
pre-participation health screen
resting HR, BP
body comp.
cardiorespiratory fitness
muscular strength and endurance
flexibility

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2
Q

inpatient interventions for CVD, pulmonary diseases

A
  1. Current clinical status
  2. Mobilization
  3. Identification and provision of info regarding modifiable risk factors and self-care
  4. Discharge planning, HEP, ADL training
  5. Referral to outpatient
  6. Assessments and documentation of vital signs
  7. Supervised
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3
Q

outpatient interventions for CVD, pulmonary diseases

A
  1. Medical, surgical history, comorbidities, pertinent medical history
  2. Physical exam w/ cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal emphasis
  3. Routine pre-exercise assessment of risk for exercise before, during, after
  4. RPE <12 (<3) light, <40% HRR
  5. 12-13 (4-6) somewhat hard, 40-59% HRR
  6. 14-16 (7-8) hard, 60-80% HRR
  7. Aerobic: rhythmic, large muscle group activities
  8. Continuous ECG monitoring
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4
Q

cardiac rehab: inpatient indications

A

a. Medically stable post MI
b. Stable angina
c. Coronary bypass graft
d. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
e. Stable heart failure caused by either systolic or diastolic dysfunction
f. Heart transplant
g. Valvar heart disease/surgery
h. Peripheral artery disease
i. At risk for coronary artery disease with diagnosis of diabetes, dyslipidemia, HTN, obesity
j. Other individuals who may benefit from structured exercise and/or individual education based on physician referral and consensus of the rehab team

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5
Q

cardiac rehab: inpatient contradictions

A

a. Unstable angina
b. Uncontrolled HTN
c. Orthostatic BP drop >20 mmHg w/ symptoms
d. Significant aortic stenosis
e. Uncontrolled atrial or ventricular arrhythmias
f. Uncontrolled sinus tachycardia
g. Uncompensated heart failure
h. Third degree atrioventricular block with pacemaker
i. Active pericarditis or myocarditis
j. Recent embolism
k. Acute thrombophlebitis
l. Aortic dissection
m. Acute systemic illness or fever
n. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
o. Severe orthopedic conditions
p. Other metabolic conditions
q. Severe psychological disorder

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6
Q

FITT for CHF: aerobic

A

F: 3-5 days/week
I: moderate, 40-70% HRR, 11-3 RPE
T: 20-60 min
T: low impact; walking, cycling, swimming

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7
Q

FITT for CHF: resistance

A

F: 2-3 dats/week, non consecutive
I: light to moderate, 50-70% 1RM
T: 1-3 sets, 8-12 reps
T: large muscle groups, body weight, machines, few weights

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8
Q

FITT for CVA: aerobic

A

F: 3-5 days/week
I: moderate, 40-70% HRR, 11-14 RPE
T: 20-60 min
T: walking, stationary cycle, low impact cardiovascular

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9
Q

FITT for CVA: resistance

A

F: 2-3 days/week
I: light to moderate 50-70% 1RM
T: 1-3 sets, 8-15 reps
T: functional strength training, machines, weights, resistance bands

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10
Q

FITT for COPD: aerobic

A

F: 3-5 days/week
I: moderate, 50-80% HRR, 4-6 RPE
T: 20-60 min
T: walking, cycling, swimming, interval training

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11
Q

FITT for COPD: resistance

A

F: 2-3 days/week
I: light to moderate, 50-70% 1RM
T: 1-3 sets, 8-15 reps
T: improve strength and muscle endurance

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12
Q

application of aerobic training for intermittent claudication

A

i. Time at which patient begins to feel claudation symptoms is defined as the end
ii. Pre-exercise assessment: evaluate LE skin and feet
iii. Significant risk for skin ulcers
iv. Walk/bike to mild to moderate pain (3-4 out of 5 on claudation scale)
v. Stop, sit down until pain is completely gone, resume activity
vi. Eventual goal is to progress to cumulative session of 50 mins
vii. Progression should not occur during current session, but at beginning of next

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13
Q

values of HTN when not to engage in exercise

A

220/105

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14
Q

FITT for HTN: aerobic

A

F: >5-7 day/week
I: moderate, 40-59% HRR, 12-13 RPE
T: >30 min
T: prolonged rhythmic; walking, cycling, swimming

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15
Q

FITT for HTN: resistance

A

F: 2-3 days/week
I: moderate, 60-70% 1RM
T: 204 sets, 8-12 reps
T: resistance machines, free weights, resistance bands, functional body weight

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16
Q

difference between type 1 and 2 diabetes

A

type 1: body does not produce insulin
type 2: body does not respond to insulin

17
Q

difference between hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in regard to exercise

A

Hypo: exercising will lower it more, potential to pass out
Hyper: exercise will lower glucose levels, improves over time

18
Q

risk factors for obesity

A

diet, genetics, lifestyle

19
Q

training considerations for obesity

A

i. Moderate to vigorous >30min/day; 250 min/week
ii. Target minimal reduction in BW 3-10% initial BW over 3-6 months
iii. Reduction 500-1000 kcal/day for 1-2 lb/week
iv. Beyond 5-10% weight loss may require more aggressive nutrition, exercise, behavioral intervention
v. Diets <1500 kcal/week medically indicated
vi. Incorporate opportunities to enhance communication
vii. Target changing eating and exercise behaviors

20
Q

cancer screening measures to determine safety for exercise

A

i. Medical history
ii. Chemo, radiation, drugs
iii. Fatigue, pain, nausea, anemia,
iv. cardiovascular health, BP, respiratory
v. bone health, muscle weakness, ROM
vi. CBC, electrolyte, kidney and liver fxn
vii. Immune fxn
viii. Mental health
ix. Limitations

21
Q

FITT for MS: aerobic

A

a. F: 3-5 days
b. I: moderate, 40-70% VO2 max, 12-14 RPE
c. T: 20-60 min
d. T: walking, cycling, swimming, aquatic

22
Q

FITT for MS: resistance

A

a. F: 2-3 days/week
b. I: light to moderate, 50-70% 1RM
c. T: 1-3 sets, 8-12
d. T: major

23
Q

FITT for Parkinsons: aerobic

A

a. F: 3-5 days
b. I: moderate, 40-60% VO2 max, 12-14 RPE
c. T: 20-60 min
d. T: walking, cycling, dancing, swimming, boxing: rhythmic patterns

24
Q

FITT for Parkinsons: resistance

A

a. F: 2-3 days/week
b. I: light to moderate, 60-80% 1RM
c. T: 1-3 sets, 8-12
d. T: machine, free weight, resistance band, body weight

25
Q

FITT for Parkinsons: balance

A

a. F: 2-3 days/week
b. I: moderate challenge balance and gait
c. T: 10-15 min
d. T: tai chi, balance, functional gait training

26
Q

FITT for cerebral palsy: aerobic

A

a. F: 3-5 days
b. I: moderate, 50-70% VO2 max, 12-14 RPE
c. T: 20-60 min
d. T: walking, cycling, swimming, aquatic

27
Q

FITT for cerebral palsy: resistance

A

a. F: 2-3 days/week
b. I: light to moderate, 50-70% 1RM
c. T: 1-3 sets, 8-12
d. T: major muscle, machine, free weight, resistance band

28
Q

FITT for cerebral palsy: balance

A

a. F: 2-3 days/week
b. I: moderate challenge balance and gait
c. T: 10-15 min
d. T: tai chi, balance, functional gait training, core strength, yoga

29
Q

special considerations for CP

A
  1. Frequent joint pain
  2. Fatigue
  3. Normal HR during exercise >180 bpm
  4. More susceptible to overuse injuries
  5. Modification of equipment
30
Q

special considerations for spinal cord injury

A

level of injury
muscle atrophy

31
Q

special considerations for autism

A
  1. Establish consistent schedule
  2. Adapt environment to minimize triggers for sensory sensitivities
  3. Visual aids, simple language, demonstrations
  4. Activities aligned with interests
  5. Supervise exercise
32
Q

importance of exercise in older adult population

A

i. Slower rate of decline associated with greater rate of PA
ii. Each additional hour associated with 3% decrease in rate of mobility decline
iii. Both PA and leg strength predict decline in mobility in older adults

33
Q

primary aging

A

universal, mandatory
1. Cellular, organ changes
2. Neuromuscular and musculockeletal changes
3. Sensory changes

34
Q

secondary aging

A

less mandatory
1. Disease, disuse, environment, DM, cardiovascular
2. Comorbidities, non active lifestyle, poor health lifestyle, mental health
3. We have control

35
Q

clinical manifestations and treatment for OA

A
  1. Low-load, low stress exercises
  2. Cardio/endurance, strength, flexibility, balance
  3. Aerobic 3-5 days/week, strength 2-3 days/weel
  4. Moderate intensity, based on pain level
36
Q

clinical manifestations and treatment of sarcopenia

A
  1. Risk of fatigue fracture, loss of balance and falls, nutrition
  2. Resistance training
37
Q

clinical manifestations and treatment of OP

A
  1. Use of leg ergometry
  2. Balance testing or fall risk assessment

exercise prescription (18 decks)

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