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exercise prescription > obesity > Flashcards

obesity Flashcards

1
Q

dyslipidemia

A

abnormal amount of lipids in the blood

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2
Q

dyslipidemia is defined by the presence of

A

elevated levels of total cholesterol or LDL-C, elevated TG, low HDL

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3
Q

___% of people in the US have dyslipidemia

A

30

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4
Q

most contributing factor to dyslipidemia

A

poor dietary and lifestyle choices

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5
Q

very high levels of cholesterol often cluster within

A

families

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6
Q

foundation for the treatment of dyslipidemia

A

lifestyle changes

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7
Q

aerobic training consistently reduces ____ levels by ____, but does not have an affect on _____ or ____

A

LDL-C, 3-6mg/dL, HDL-C, TG

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8
Q

resistance training appears to reduce ___ and ___ concentrations by ____

A

6-0 mg/dL

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9
Q

______ appear to have important beneficial effects on improving dyslipidemia and should be encouraged

A

dietary improvement, weight loss

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10
Q

non-HDL-C: desirable level

A

<130

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11
Q

non-HDL-C: abode desirable

A

130-159

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12
Q

non-HDL-C: borderline high

A

160-189

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13
Q

non-HDL-C: high

A

190-219

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14
Q

non-HDL-C: very high

A

> 220

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15
Q

LDL-C: desirable

A

<100

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16
Q

LDL-C: above desirable

A

100-129

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17
Q

LDL-C: borderline high

A

130-159

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18
Q

LDL-C: high

A

160-189

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19
Q

LDL-C: very high

A

> 190

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20
Q

HDL-C: low men and women

A

<40
<50

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21
Q

triglyceride: normal

A

<150

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22
Q

triglyceride: borderline high

A

150-199

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23
Q

triglyceride: high

A

200-499

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24
Q

triglyceride: very high

A

> 500

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25
Q

statin drugs, also known as ________, are very effective for the treatment of dyslipidemia

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibtors

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26
Q

the four most important groups of people who benefit from statins are

A

established CVD
LDL-C levels >190
with diabetes who are >40 y/o
estimated 10-yr risk for CVD of >7.5%

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27
Q

dyslipidemia: exercise test is not required for

A

asymptomatic individuals

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28
Q

use caution when testing individuals with dyslipidemia because

A

undeterred underlying CVD may be present

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29
Q

dyslipidemia special consideration should be given to the presence of

A

other chronic diseases and health conditions that may require modifications to standard exercise testing protocols and modalities

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30
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
aerobic frequency

A

> 5 days

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31
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
resistance frequency

A

2-3days

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32
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
flexibility frequency

A

> 2-3 days

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33
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
aerobic intensity

A

40-75% O2R or HRR

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34
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
resistance intensity

A

50-69% 1RM to 70-85% 1RM

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35
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
flexibility intensity

A

point of tightness or slight discomfort

36
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
aerobic time

A

30-60 min/day
50-60min/day or more

37
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
resistance time

A

2-4 sets, 8-12 reps for strength
<2 sets, 12-20 reps for muscular endurance

38
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
flexibility time

A

hold for 10-30sec, 2-4 reps

39
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
aerobic type

A

prolonged rhythmic using large muscle groups
walking, cycling, swimming

40
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
resistance type

A

machines, free weights and/or body weight

41
Q

FITT dyslipidemia:
flexibility type

A

static, dynamic, PNF stretch

42
Q

adults older than age 65 yr and with dyslipidemia should follow

A

ACSM exercise guidelines for older adults

43
Q

individuals taking statins or fabric acid may experience

A

muscle weakness and soreness termed myalgia

44
Q

overweight is defined by BMI

A

25-29.9

45
Q

obesity is defined by BMBI

A

30+

46
Q

___% of US adults are classified as either overweight or obese, with ___% obese and ___% extremely obese

A

70, 40, 7

47
Q

____% of children and adolescents are overweight and obese

A

32

48
Q

overweight and obesity are linked to numerous chronic diseases including

A

CVD, DM, cancer, musculoskeletal problems

49
Q

sustained weight loss of 3-5% is likely to result in clinically meaningful reductions in

A

triglycerides, blood glucose, and HbA1C levels, and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes

50
Q

weight regain averages ____% of initial weight loss within 1 year of terminating weight loss treatment

A

30-50c

51
Q

combining reductions in EI with increases in EE typically result in

A

an initial 5-10% reduction in body weight

52
Q

___appears to have a modest impact on weight loss observed across the initial weight loos intervention compared with reductions in ___

A

PA, EI

53
Q

the combination of moderate reductions in ___ with adequate levels of ___ maximizes weight loss in individuals with overweight and obesity

A

EI, PA

54
Q

the ACSM’s position stand on PA and weight loss indicates this dose-response relationship:
___of PA promotes minimal weight loss
____ of PA results in modest weight loss of 2-3 kg
____ of PA results in a 5-7.5 kg weight loss

A

<150 min/wk
>150 min/wk
>225-420 min/wk

55
Q

PA appears to be necessary for most individuals to prevent ____

A

weight regain

56
Q

literature that suggests it may take more than ____ or ____ of PA on most days of the week

A

150 min/week
30 min/day

57
Q

some evidence supports ____min/week of PA during weight maintenance to reduce weight regain after weight loss

A

200-300

58
Q

overweight and obesity exercise testing: the timing of ____ should be considered

A

medications, beta-blockers, antidiabetic medications

59
Q

overweight and obesity exercise testing: low exercise capacity may necessitate a

A

low initial workload and small increments per testing

60
Q

overweight and obesity FITT:
aerobic

A

F: >5d/week
I: initial 40-59% HRR, progress to >60%
T: 30 min/day, increase to 60 min/day
prolonged, rhythmic activities using T: large muscle groups

61
Q

overweight and obesity FITT:
resistance

A

F: 2-3day/week
I: 60-70% 1RM
T: 2-4 sets, 8-12 reps
T: machines, free weight

62
Q

overweight and obesity FITT:
flexibility

A

F: >2-3 days/week
I: tightness, slight discomfort
T: hold 10-30s, 2-4 rep
T: static, dynamic, PNF

63
Q

the duration of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA should initially progress to at least

A

30 min/day

64
Q

to promote long-term weight loss maintenance, individuals should progress to at lease _____ of moderate-to-vigorous exercise

A

at least 250 min/week

65
Q

to achieve the weekly maintenance activity goal of >250 min/week, exercise and PA should be preformed

A

5-7 days/week

66
Q

PA may be accumulated in multiple daily bouts of

A

10 mins in duration or through increase in other forms of moderate intensity lifestyle PA

67
Q

____ training alone does not result in clinically significant weight loss

A

resistance

68
Q

the addition of resistance exercise to energy restriction does not appear to prevent the loss of

A

fat-free mass or the observed reduction in resting EE

69
Q

resistance exercise may enhance

A

muscular strength and physical function

70
Q

there may be additional health benefits of participating in resistance exercise such as

A

improvements in CVD and DM risk factors and other chronic disease risk factors

71
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
target minimal reduction in body weight of at least ____% of initial body weight over ___ months

A

3-10%
3-6 months

72
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
a reduction of ____ kcal/day is adequate to elicit a weight loss of 1-2lb/week

A

500-1000

73
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
weight loss beyond 5-10% may require more _______. for those who do not respond to any degree of lifestyle intervention, _____ may be appropriate

A

aggressive nutrition, exercise and behavioral intervention
medical treatment, medicine

74
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
medically indicated very low-calorie diets (____kcal/day) can result in greater initial weight loss amounts

A

<1500

75
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
<1500 kcal/day incorporate opportunities to enhance communication between

A

health care professionals, RDN, exercise professionals, individuals with overweight and obesity following the initial weight loss period

75
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
<1500 kcal/day are ___ managed and only used for

A

medically selected individuals, short periods of time

76
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
target ______ behaviors because sustained changes in both behaviors result in significant long-term weight loss and maintenance

A

changing eating, exercise

77
Q

overweight and obesity exercise training considerations:
assist individuals with achieving evidence-based recommendations for _____ exercising during both weight loss and weight loss maintenance phases

A

aerobic

78
Q

bariatric surgery

A

weight loss surgery, BMI >40 or with comorbid risk factors BMI >35

79
Q

bariatric surgery: exercise will likely facilitate the achievement and maintenance of _______ post surgery, and there is evidence of improved _____ and ___ following surgery

A

energy balance
insulin sensitivity, CRF

80
Q

preliminary data from large trial reported that the majority of those undergoing bariatric surgery increased their

A

PA levels post surgery

81
Q

bariatric surgery: once cleared for exercise, follow FIIT for

A

overweight and obese individuals

82
Q

those with a history of orthopedic injuries should be assessed to reduce risk of

A

aggravation of weight-bearing exercise

83
Q

for those whom excessive body weight may limit the ability to engage in weight bearing exercise or continuous exercise

A

intermittent exercise and non-weight-bearing alternative should be considered

84
Q

bariatric surgery: _________ may be slowly introduced to make up a greater portion of the exercise program

A

continuous exercise, weight-bearing exercise such as walking

exercise prescription (16 decks)

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