blood pressure

Question 1

blood flows from the ____ into the right atrium through the _____ valve to the left atrium

Answer 1

superior and inferior cava
tricuspid valve

Question 2

the right ventricle ejects the blood through _____ into the ____ during ventricle systole

Answer 2

pulmonic valve, pulmonary artery

Question 3

blood enters the ______ system where it exchanges the CO2 for O2

Answer 3

pulmonary capillary

Question 4

the oxygenated blood leaves the lungs via the ____ and returns to the ____

Answer 4

pulmonary veins, left atrium

Question 5

the ____pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the ____ to supply all the tissues of the body with O2

Answer 5

left ventricle
aorta

Question 6

from the systemic circulation, blood return to the heart through the

Answer 6

superior and inferior vena cava

Question 7

blood pressure

Answer 7

force that drives blood through the circulatory system

Question 8

blood pressure influenced by

Answer 8

cardiac output, total peripheral resistance

Question 9

BP= pressure in an artery at

Answer 9

peak of LV systole (SBP) and diastole (DBP)

Question 10

the 40-year risk for developing HTN is ____% for African Americans, ___% for hispanics __% for whites

Answer 10

93, 93, 86

Question 11

HTN leads to increased risk for

Answer 11

CVD, angina, MI, heart failure, stroke, PAD

Question 12

HTN is a major cause of

Answer 12

death and disability

Question 13

HTN is associated with increased risk of

Answer 13

DM and kidney disease

Question 14

risk for health related to CVD increases in a strong fashion with

Answer 14

increased BP

Question 15

hypotension <___ SBP, <___ DBP

Answer 15

80, 60

Question 16

normal BP

Answer 16

<120, <80

Question 17

high-normal/elevated/pre-hypertensive BP

Answer 17

120-129, <80

Question 18

stage 1 hypertension

Answer 18

130-139, 80-89

Question 19

stage 2 hypertension

Answer 19

> 140, >90

Question 20

hypertensive crisis

Answer 20

> 180, >120

Question 21

BP cuff size important: bladder length ___%, width ___%

Answer 21

80, 40

Question 22

if cuff is too short or too narrow, BP reading will be

Answer 22

erroneously high

Question 23

if cuff is too wide or too long, BP will be

Answer 23

erroneously low

Question 24

when a cuff is too small for the upper arm and a larger cuff is not available, or if the arm is so large or its shape cant accommodate a proper fitting cuff, BP should be obtained by

Answer 24

cuff placed on forearm with the auscultation over the radial artery in the wrist

Question 25

BP measurements are usually taken on the ___ arm

Answer 25

left

Question 26

20% of individuals have differences of >___mmHg between UE

Answer 26

10

Question 27

if there is a difference >5 mmHg between the two readings, record and monitor the ___ BP

Answer 27

higher

Question 28

do not take BP over medical devices like

Answer 28

IV or arterial line, AV shunt

Question 29

do not take BP on the same side as

Answer 29

mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection

Question 30

korotkoff sounds are created by

Answer 30

pulsatile blood flow through compressed artery

Question 31

kortotkoff phase 1 sound

Answer 31

clear tapping sound

Question 32

kortotkoff phase 1 significance

Answer 32

initial flow of blood through the artery as the constriction of the artery is released
systolic BP

Question 33

kortotkoff phase 2 sound

Answer 33

softer, swishing or murmur

Question 34

kortotkoff phase 2 significance

Answer 34

none

Question 35

kortotkoff phase 3 sound

Answer 35

louder and more crisp

Question 36

kortotkoff phase 3 significance

Answer 36

none

Question 37

kortotkoff phase 4 sound

Answer 37

changes from crisp to muffled

Question 38

kortotkoff phase 4 significance

Answer 38

first diastolic, useful when phase 5 is not detectable

Question 39

kortotkoff phase 5 sound

Answer 39

cessation of sound

Question 40

kortotkoff phase 5 significance

Answer 40

diastolic

Question 41

rolling up sleeves created constriction and ___ BP

Answer 41

confounds

Question 42

avoid ____ 30 mins before BP assessed

Answer 42

caffeine, tobacco

Question 43

wrap cuff around upper arm leaving ___ in clearance above antecubital fossa

Answer 43

1

Question 44

position cuff arrow over

Answer 44

brachial artery

Question 45

position pressure gauge at

Answer 45

eye level

Question 46

avoid keeping cuff inflated >60 sec because

Answer 46

discomfort from prolonged inflation may cause bp to rise

Question 47

inappropriate cuff size

Answer 47

can over or underestimate BP

Question 48

BP error: tested arm unsupported

Answer 48

muscle contraction can increase BP

Question 49

BP error: legs crossed

Answer 49

increase systolic by 2-8

Question 50

BP error: unsupported sitting

Answer 50

increase diastolic by 6

Question 51

BP error: arm that is not level with heart

Answer 51

appear falsely high when below
when above, falsely low

Question 52

BP error: rapid deflation of the cuff before korotokoff 5

Answer 52

underestimate systolic BP and overestimate diastolic

Question 53

BP error: equipment malfunction

Answer 53

various errors

Question 54

BP error: auditory errors caused by placement of stethoscope, external noise, internal noise, operator error

Answer 54

inability to assess BP or overestimate or underestimate actual BP

Question 55

low blood volume causes ___ BP

Answer 55

low

Question 56

high blood viscosity causes ___ BP

Answer 56

high

Question 57

low vessel size causes ____BP

Answer 57

high

Question 58

low blood vessel compliance cause ___ BP

Answer 58

high

Question 59

which race has a higher risk of high BP

Answer 59

African Americans

Question 60

normally SBP____ with exercise

Answer 60

steadily increase 10+2

Question 61

normally DBP ____ with exercise

Answer 61

remains the same, or + - 10