Powerpoint 23

Question 1

proteins are synthesized on

Answer 1

ribosome-inhibition of protein synthesis

Question 2

differences in prokaryotic *(70s) and eukaryotic (80s) ribosomes are responsible for

Answer 2

selective toxicity

Question 3

Drugs of the class of inhibition of protein synthesis include

Answer 3

Aminoglycosides
Tetecyclines
Macrolides
Chloramphenicol
Lincosamides
Oxazolidinones
Streptogramins

Question 4

block the initiation of translation and cause the misreading of mRNA

Answer 4

Aminoglucosides

Question 5

Block the attachment of tRNA to the ribosome

Answer 5

Tetracyclines

Question 6

Each interferes with a distinct step of protein synthesis

Answer 6

Streptogramins

Question 7

Prevent the continuation of protein synthesis

Answer 7

Macrolides & Lincosamides

Question 8

Prevents peptide bonds from being formed

Answer 8

Chloramphenicol

Question 9

Interfere with the initiation of protein synthesis

Answer 9

Oxazolidinones

Question 10

Reversibly bind to the 30s ribosomal subunit

Answer 10

Tetracyclines

Question 11

Blocks attatchment of tRNA to ribosome

-prevents continuation of protein synthesis

Answer 11

Tetracyclines

Question 12

effective against certain gram -and gram +

Answer 12

Tetracyclines

Question 13

Newer one such as doxycycline have a longer half life

Answer 13

Tetracyclines

Question 14

resistance in these is due to decreased accumulation by bacterial cells

Answer 14

Tetracyclines

Question 15

reversibly binds to 50s ribosome

Answer 15

Macrolides

Question 16

effective against a variey of gram + organisms and those responsible for atypical pneumonia

Answer 16

Macrolides

Question 17

often drug of choice for patients allergic to penicillin

Answer 17

Macrolides

Question 18

macrolides include - erythromycin, clarithromycin and azithromycin

Answer 18

Macrolides

Question 19

resistance can occur via modification of RNA target

-also production of enzyme that chemically modifies drug as well as alterations that result in decreased uptake of drug

Answer 19

Macrolides

Question 20

Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

-target bacterial DNA replication enzyme

Answer 20

Flouroquinolones

Question 21

Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

-RNA synthesis

Answer 21

Rifamycins

Question 22

most useful to use in inhibition of metabolic pathways

Answer 22

folate inhibitors

Question 23

mode of actions to inhibit the production of folic acid

Answer 23

folate inhibitors

Question 24

antimicrobials in the class of folate inhibitors include

Answer 24

-sulfonamides and Trimethoprim

Question 25

inhibit growth of gram + and gram -

Answer 25

Sulfonamides

Question 26

structularily similar to amnibenzoic acids

Answer 26

Sulfonamides

Question 27

human cells lack specific enzyme in folic acid pathway

Answer 27

Sulfonamides

Question 28

resistance can be acquired from plasmid

Answer 28

Sulfonamides

Question 29

plasmid has gene that encodes an enzyme that has mutations that lower affinity to drug

Answer 29

Sulfonamides

Question 30

• damage cell membrane
• polymyxin B most common
• common ingredient in first aid skin ointment

Answer 30

Sulfonamides

Question 31

Binds to membrane of Gram - cells

• alters permeability
• leads to leakage of cell and cell death

Answer 31

Sulfonamides

Question 32

also bind eukaryotic cells but to lesser extent

-limits use to topical application

Answer 32

Sulfonamides