Powerpoint 22

Question 1

These mechanisms of action cause inhibition of cell wall synthesis
-peptidoglycan cell wall unique to bacteria

Answer 1

B-lactam drugs- the pencillins
Vancomycin
Bacitracin

Question 2

These mechanisms of action cause inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

Answer 2

Fluoroquinolnes

Rifamycins

Question 3

These mechanisms of action cause inhibition of protein synthesis

Answer 3

Aminoglycosides
Tetrecyclines
Macrolides
Chloramphenicol
Lincosamides
Oxazolidinones
Streptogramins

Question 4

These mechanisms of action cause inhibition of metabolic pathways

Answer 4

Sulfonamides

Trimethoprim

Question 5

These mechanisms of action cause inhibition of cell membrane integrity

Answer 5

Polymyxin B

Question 6

interfere with the formation of the peptide side chains between adjacent strands of peptidoglycan by inhibiting penicillin-binding proteins

Answer 6

B-lactam drugs

Question 7

binds to the amino acid side chain of NAM molecules interfering with peptidoglycan synthesis

Answer 7

vancomycin

Question 8

interferes with the transport of peptidoglycan precursors across the cytoplasmic membrane

Answer 8

Bacitracin

Question 9

each member has a common structure

-modified side chains create derivatives

Answer 9

the penicillins

Question 10

These drugs are called B-lactans

Answer 10

penicillins and cephalosporins

Question 11

Inhibit peptide bridge formation between molecules of PTG

Answer 11

B-lactams

Question 12

• completely inhibits function of penicillin-binding protein
• accessory protein PBP cannot form this bridge because active site is blocked

Answer 12

B-lactams

Question 13

• some organisms resist effects through production of the B-lactamase enzyme
• other organisms use enzymes that only attack natural penicillins these enzymes are called

Answer 13

Penicillinase

Question 14

these are more effective B lactams for gram negative

Answer 14

Cephalosporin’s

Question 15

are resistant to certain beta-lactamases

Answer 15

Cephalosporins

Question 16

effective against Gram + and some gram - cocci

Answer 16

• Natural penecillins

- -Narrow spectrum

Question 17

side chains prevent inactivation from penicillinase* enzymes

Answer 17

penicillinase-resistant penicillin

Question 18

effective against Gram + and Gram -

Answer 18

broad spectrum penicillins

Question 19

-greater effectiveness against Pseudomonas ( a Gram -) species

Answer 19

Extended spectrum penicillins

Question 20

less effective against Gram + organisms

Answer 20

Extended spectrum penicillins

Question 21

Augumentin= amoxicillin + clavulanic acid

Answer 21

Penicillins + B lactamase inhibitor

Question 22

inhibits formation og PTG chains through interactions with D-ala amino acid

Answer 22

Vancomycin

Question 23

Important in treating infections caused be penicillin resistant Gram + organisms

Answer 23

Vancomycin

Question 24

• Does not cross LPS outer membrane of Gram -

- most Gram - are initially resistant

Answer 24

Vancomycin

Question 25

Must be given intravenously sue to poor absorption from intestinal tract

Answer 25

Vancomycin

Question 26

e.e. PBP, cannot access this site because vancomycin is bound

Answer 26

Accessory protein

Question 27

interfere with PBP by directly binding to the protein

Answer 27

B-lactams

Question 28

interferes with crosslink by binding to the tetra peptide

Answer 28

Vancomycin

-this causes PTG to be disrupted

Question 29

PTG can be disrupted by

Answer 29

B-lactams

-bad for bacteria