Chapter 2

Question 1

very diverse

contains singular and multicelled organisms

Answer 1

-Algae

Question 2

all contain chlorophyll
usually found near surface waters
have rigid cell wall- distinct from bacteria cell wall

Answer 2

Algae

Question 3

single celled= yeast

multicellular=molds

Answer 3

Fungi

Question 4

Gain energy from organic materials

mostly found on land

Answer 4

Fungi

Question 5

microscopic single celled organisms

Answer 5

protozoa

Question 6

found in water and on land

Answer 6

protozoa

Question 7

do not have rigid cell wall

Answer 7

protozoa

Question 8

gain energy from organic matter

most are motile (diverse and feature of their classification)

Answer 8

protozoa

Question 9

4 classes of protozoa

Answer 9

1. ciliates
2. flagellates
3. heliozoans
4. amoebas

Question 10

contain protein coat surrounding

- essentially protein bag of nucleic acid

Answer 10

virus

Question 11

termedobligate intracellular parasites

Answer 11

virus

Question 12

• must have host machinery to replicate

- inactive outside of host

Answer 12

virus

Question 13

all forms can be infected by this, frequently kills host cells
- but SOME live harmoniously with host for long periods

Answer 13

virus

Question 14

simpler than viruses

still require host cell for replication

Answer 14

viroid

Question 15

consist of a single short piece of RNA

Answer 15

viroid

Question 16

contains no protective protein coat

Answer 16

viroid

Question 17

smaller than virus

generally cause plant disease

Answer 17

viroid

Question 18

sunblotch is cause by

Answer 18

avocado sunblotch viroid

Question 19

infectious proteins

Answer 19

prions

Question 20

contains no nucleic acid

Answer 20

prion

Question 21

responsible for 6 neurodegenerative diseases

Answer 21

prion

Question 22

prions are responsible for which diseases

Answer 22

1. Animal
   - scrapie in sheep
   - mad cow in cattle
2. human
   - kuru
   - creutzelt-jakob

Question 23

macromolecules of the cell include

Answer 23

• DNA and RNA
• proteins
• lipids
• general carbohydrates

Question 24

chemical bonding on cells include

Answer 24

• covalent
• ionic
• hydrogen

Question 25

all cells are made up of

Answer 25

water

Question 26

In the water is mix of organics nutrients and macromolecules. These macromolecules control..

Answer 26

when cells make and use these nutrients to produce energy and more cells.

Question 27

DNA and RNA backbone is held together by

Answer 27

covalent bonds

Question 28

DNA and RNA structures are held together by

Answer 28

hydrogen bonds

Question 29

sequences of amino acids

Answer 29

proteins

Question 30

amino acids are held together by

Answer 30

covalent bonds

Question 31

structure of proteins is held together by

Answer 31

hydrogen bonds

Question 32

major components of membranes thy provide a way to keep your water from mixing with everyone elses

Answer 32

lipids

Question 33

cannot use fructose but can grow well using sucrose as a carbon source

Answer 33

Bacillus popilliae

Question 34

are sugar molecules use for energy production or storage or a structural components

Answer 34

Carbohydrates

Question 35

•   The arrangement matters!
•   ‘Taste the difference’
•   Cross-links in polysaccharides matter

Answer 35

Carbohydrates

Question 36

nonliving bc they can not replicate on their own

Answer 36

virus

Question 37

important to maintain double helix in DNA

Answer 37

hydrogen bonds

Question 38

if stressed, these are hard to fold , if you cant fold, then you cant do anything so you die

Answer 38

protein

Question 39

major components of membrane

Answer 39

lipid

Question 40

need these groups to make DNA and RNA

Answer 40

phosphate groups

-also need C, H, and N