Powerpoint 21

Question 1

early examples of man-made selective antimicrobials

Answer 1

Arsenic compounds

Question 2

noticed microbes killing microbes, later termed antibiotics

Answer 2

Alexander Fleming

Question 3

purified active penicillin

Answer 3

Chain Florey

Question 4

isolated streptomycin from soil bacterium Streptomyces

griseus

Answer 4

Selman Waksman

Question 5

drug may kill or inhibit bacterial growth

Answer 5

Antimicrobial action

Question 6

inhibit bacterial growth

Answer 6

bacteriostatic

Question 7

kill the bacteria

Answer 7

bacteriocidal

Question 8

rely on host immunity to eliminate pathnogen

Answer 8

bacteriostatic

Question 9

useful in situations when host defenses cannot be relied upon to control pathogen

Answer 9

bacteriocidal

Question 10

most modern antibiotics come from

Answer 10

organisms living in the soil

Question 11

•Isolates from bacterial species Streptomyces and Bacillus as well as fungi Penicillium and Cephalosporium

Answer 11

antimicrobial drugs from the soil

Question 12

• Many are good but of course man-­‐made derivatives have been added to the repertoire

Answer 12

antimicrobial drugs from the soil

Question 13

Antibiotics have selective toxicity, they cause greater harm to the microornagisms than to

Answer 13

human host

-generally by interfering with biological structures or biochemical processes common to bacteria but not to humans.

Question 14

There are two different spectrums of activity in antimicrobials

Answer 14

Narrow and broad spectrum

Question 15

-G OR G- only

Answer 15

Narrow Spectrum

Question 16

-G AND G-

Answer 16

Broad spectrum

Question 17

has a disruption of normal flora, this is a disadvantage

Answer 17

Broad Spectrum

Question 18

Microorganisms have innate or adaptive resistance to antibiotics

Answer 18

Antimicrobial resistance