Potter 12 (Conception thru Adolescence) Flashcards
______ is an excellent indicator of overall health during infancy.
Growth
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Although growth rates are variable, infants usually _______ their birth weight by 6 months and _____ it by 1 year of age.
double, triple
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Although growth rates are variable, infants usually double their birth weight by ______ and triple it by ______ of age.
6 months, 1 year
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
In addition to height and weight,_______ grow and mature rapidly in the infant.
organ systems
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Although body systems are developing rapidly, the infant’s organs differ from those of older children and adults in ______ and _____
both structure and function
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
__________ place the infant at risk for a variety of infections, whereas_______ increases risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
Immature respiratory and immune systems
an immature renal system
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
During the first few months after birth, muscle growth and weight gain allow for increased control of _______ and ______
reflexes and more purposeful movement
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
By _______ infants can lift their head 90 degrees from a prone position and can hold it steadily erect while in a sitting position.
2 to 3 months
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
By 2 to 3 months, infants can lift their head ______ and can hold it steadily erect while _______
90 degrees from a prone position, in a sitting position
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
By the time babies reach_____ of age, they begin to become much more active, curious, and mobile.
6 months
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
By _______, they can extend an object and release it into an offered hand, therefore parents need to be prepared by making sure their house and the toys with which the baby plays are safe.
1 year of age
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Babies learn through _______ and ______ in many different types of experiences.
exploring and participating
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
During ______, connections form within the central nervous system, providing fine motor control of the numerous muscles required for speech.
infancy
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Although there is great variability, most children begin to make nonmeaningful sounds such as “ma,” “da,” or “ah,” by _________
4 to 6 months
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
The sounds become more meaningful and specific by _______, and
9 to 15 months
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
By _____ the child usually has a vocabulary of several words, such as “mama,” “dada,” and “bye-bye.”
1 year
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
_______ development is very much related to cognitive, social, and psychological development.
Language
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Children raised in a bilingual environment will have a delay in _______
verbal language skills
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
One of the most important aspects of infant psychosocial development is ________, which allows for a sense of belonging to or connection with each other and is critical for normal development and survival.
parent-infant attachment
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
________ us when attachment is strengthened by many mutually satisfying interactions between the parents and the infant throughout the first months of life.
Initiated immediately after birth
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Infants display an obvious preference for parents over other caregivers and other unfamiliar people, which can lead to stranger anxiety, a phenomenon that peaks around 7-9 months.____
7-9 months
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
Stranger anxiety is _____ and _____ in infancy.
normal and expected
(Potter 12 G&D of Neo&Inf Sherpath Key Points)
The toddler’s ________ (compared with an infant) leads to a reduced demand for calories and decreased appetite.
slower physical growth rate
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The toddler grows an average of ___ (2.26 kg) each year
5 lbs
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The toddler grows ___ in. each year, and head circumference increases approximately 1.5 in. (3.7 cm) each year.
3” (7.62cm)
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The toddler grows an average of 5lbs (2.26 kg) how often?
each year
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The toddler head circumference increases approximately _____ each year.
1.5 in. (3.7 cm)
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
_______ gives the toddler a potbellied appearance.
Immature abdominal musculature
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Immature abdominal musculature gives the toddler a __________
potbellied appearance
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The child’s short legs may appear _____
slightly bowed, and the feet appear flat
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The child’s feet appear ______
flat
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The ____ years are characterized by a struggle for autonomy, or independence, as the child develops a sense of self separate from the parent.
toddler
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The toddler years are characterized by a struggle for:
struggle for autonomy, or independence, as the child develops a sense of self separate from the parent
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The combination of increased motor skills, immaturity, and lack of experience places the toddler at risk for
unintentional injury
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The combination of _____, _____, and _____ places the toddler at risk for unintentional injury.
increased motor skills, immaturity, and lack of experience
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
walking without help occurs at ___ months
15
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
throwing a ball overhand at ___ months
18
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
walking up and down stairs with both feet on a step by ___ years
2
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
jumping in place with both feet by ___ years
2.5
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Tremendous cognitive and social growth occurs during the _____ years.
toddler
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Tremendous ____ and _____ growth occurs during the toddler years.
cognitive and social
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Major milestones for toddler include: ___, ____, ____, ____, ___, and ____.
autonomy, potty training, development of a self-concept, object permanence, domestic mimicry, and deferred imitation
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Critical language developmental milestones for 2-year-olds include:
saying three to six words together and pointing to two pictures
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Critical language developmental milestones for 2-year-olds include saying _______ words together and pointing to _____ pictures.
three to six, two
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
______ interact with other children through parallel play but display strong egocentrism in their actions.
Toddlers
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Toddlers interact with other children through _____ but display strong egocentrism in their actions.
parallel play
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
Toddlers interact with other children through parallel play but display strong ______ in their actions.
egocentrism
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The _____ period is a developmental period characterized by negativism, ritualism, egocentrism, and temper tantrums.
toddler
(Potter Ch12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The toddler period is a developmental period characterized by: _____, ____, ____, and _____
negativism, ritualism, egocentrism, and temper tantrums
(Potter 12 Toddler Sherpath Key Points)
The ________ child’s growth is slow and steady, with minimal increases in height and weight during this period.
preschool
(Potter 12 Preschool Sherpath Key Points)