Jarvis 23 (Musculoskeletal System)

Question 1

The head and spinal column are part of the _______ system.

Answer 1

musculoskeletal

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 2

The _____ contains the bones of the skull and the bones of the face, which provide structure for the eyes, nose, and mouth.

Answer 2

head

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 3

The head contains the bones of the skull and the bones of the face, which provide structure for the ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 3

eyes, nose, and mouth.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 4

The ______ protects the brain.

Answer 4

skull

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 5

The TMJ allows the jaw to move in a variety of ways. These movements include:

Answer 5

• Opening and closing movement of the mouth.
• Lateral movement of the jaw.
• Protrusion of the jaw.
• Retraction of the jaw.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 6

The spine is protected by the ______ bones

Answer 6

vertebral

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 7

The spine is protected by the vertebral bones, which form a column, separated by disks (except for the _____ vertebrae, which are fused).

Answer 7

sacral

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 8

The _______ joint of the wrist allows flexion, extension, and rotational movement of the wrist and hand.

Answer 8

radiocarpal

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 9

The radiocarpal joint of the wrist allows ____, ____, and ____ movement of the wrist and hand.

Answer 9

flexion, extension, and rotational

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 10

The radiocarpal joint of the wrist allows flexion, extension, and rotational movement of the _____and _____

Answer 10

wrist and hand.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 11

______ joints, _____ joints, and _____ joints allow flexion and extension of the fingers.

Answer 11

Metacarpophalangeal
proximal interphalangeal
distal interphalangeal

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 12

Metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints, and distal interphalangeal joints allow ________ and ______ of the fingers.

Answer 12

flexion and extension

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 13

Metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints, and distal interphalangeal joints allow flexion and extension of the _____

Answer 13

fingers

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 14

The ________ _______ is formed by the humerus, radius, and ulna; it allows flexion and extension of the ulna and humerus.

Answer 14

elbow joint

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 15

The elbow joint is formed by the _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 15

humerus, radius, and ulna

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 16

The elbow joint is formed by the humerus, radius, and ulna; it allows flexion and extension of the ______ and _______

Answer 16

ulna and humerus

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 17

______ and ______ of the radius and ulna allow pronation and supination of the forearm.

Answer 17

Proximal and distal articulations

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 18

Proximal and distal articulations of the _____ and _____ allow pronation and supination of the forearm.

Answer 18

radius and ulna

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 19

Proximal and distal articulations of the radius and ulna allow ____ and ____ of the forearm.

Answer 19

pronation and supination

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 20

Proximal and distal articulations of the radius and ulna allow pronation and supination of the _____.

Answer 20

forearm

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 21

The _____ and _____ joints of the shoulder allow flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation of the shoulder.

Answer 21

glenohumeral acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 22

The glenohumeral acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints of the _______ allow flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation of the shoulder.

Answer 22

shoulder

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 23

The glenohumeral acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints of the shoulder allow ___, ___, ____, ____, and ___ of the shoulder.

Answer 23

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 24

_____ joints _____ and joints of the foot allow flexion and extension of the toes.

Answer 24

Tarsometatarsal, metatarsophalangeal

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 25

Tarsometatarsal joints and metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot allow _____ and _____ of the toes.

Answer 25

flexion and extension

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 26

Tarsometatarsal joints and metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot allow flexion and extension of the _____.

Answer 26

toes

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 27

______ joint of the ankle allows dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the foot.

Answer 27

Tibiotalar

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 28

Tibiotalar joint of the ankle allows _____ and _____ of the foot.

Answer 28

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 29

Tibiotalar joint of the ankle allows dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the ____.

Answer 29

foot

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 30

______ joint of the ankle allows pronation and supination of the foot.

Answer 30

Talocalcaneal

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 31

Talocalcaneal joint of the _____ allows pronation and supination of the foot.

Answer 31

ankle

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 32

Talocalcaneal joint of the ankle allows pronation and supination of the .

Answer 32

foot

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 33

Talocalcaneal joint of the ankle allows _____ and ____ of the foot.

Answer 33

pronation and supination

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 34

______ joint allows rotational movement of the foot.

Answer 34

Transverse tarsal

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 35

Transverse tarsal joint allows ______ movement of the foot.

Answer 35

rotational

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 36

Transverse tarsal joint allows rotational movement of the ______.

Answer 36

foot

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 37

Hip joint allows ____, ____, ____, ___, and _____ movement of the upper leg.

Answer 37

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotational

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Anatomy & Physiology)

Question 38

Questions about family occurrence of musculoskeletal problems should also be included during the patient interview, such as:

Answer 38

scoliosis, back problems, arthritis (rheumatoid, osteoarthritis, gout), or genetic predisposition for osteogenesis imperfecta, skeletal dysplasia, hereditary rickets, hypophosphatemia, or hypercalciuria

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Patient History)

Question 39

The nurse inspects the patient’s gait and posture, as well as ____, ___, ____, and ____

Answer 39

muscle alignment, symmetry, contour, and range of motion.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 40

The nurse assesses for ____ and _____ range of motion in all joints.

Answer 40

passive and active

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 41

______ is assessed when the nurse applies opposing force as the patient attempts to move the joint.

Answer 41

Muscle strength

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 42

Muscle strength is assessed when the nurse applies ______ as the patient attempts to move the joint.

Answer 42

opposing force

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 43

Muscle strength is graded on a scale of ____ to ____

Answer 43

0 (no movement) to 5 (full movement against gravity, full resistance)

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 44

A muscle strength grade of 0 would indicate:

Answer 44

No evidence of contractility

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 45

A muscle strength grade of 1 would indicate:

Answer 45

Slight contractility, no movement.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 46

A muscle strength grade of 2 would indicate:

Answer 46

Full range of motion, gravity eliminated (passive movement)

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 47

A muscle strength grade of 3 would indicate:

Answer 47

Full range of motion against gravity, no resistance

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 48

A muscle strength grade of 4 would indicate:

Answer 48

Full range of motion against gravity, some resistance

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 49

A muscle strength grade of 5 would indicate:

Answer 49

Full range of motion against gravity, full resistance.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 50

A muscle strength score of ______ is considered a disability.

Answer 50

3 or less.
Endo.

Question 51

The patient’s elbow should be flexed at ____ degrees while the nurse palpates the extensor surface of the ulna, the olecranon process, and the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus

Answer 51

70

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 52

The joints of the upper extremities (___, ___, ___, ___, ___, and )))) should be assessed for contour, size symmetry, range of motion, and strength.

Answer 52

neck, TMJ, shoulder, elbows, hands, and wrists

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 53

The joints of the upper extremities (neck, TMJ, shoulder, elbows, hands, and wrists) should be assessed for ___, ___, ___, and ____.

Answer 53

contour, size symmetry, range of motion, and strength.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 54

Infants’ bones and muscles are _______ and should be assessed for trauma from the birthing process, dislocations, fractures, and congenital abnormalities.

Answer 54

not fully developed

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 55

Infants’ bones and muscles are not fully developed and should be assessed for ____, ____, ___, and _____.

Answer 55

trauma from the birthing process, dislocations, fractures, and congenital abnormalities.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Assessment)

Question 56

During inspection and palpation of the musculoskeletal system, the nurse expects ___, ___, ___, or ____

Answer 56

symmetry in size and contour and no warmth, swelling, redness, or abnormal growths.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 57

_____ should have full range of motion, and muscle strength should be equal bilaterally with full resistance to opposition.

Answer 57

Joints

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 58

Joints should have _______, and muscle strength should be equal bilaterally with full resistance to opposition.

Answer 58

full range of motion

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 59

Joints should have full range of motion, and muscle strength should be equal bilaterally with:

Answer 59

full resistance to opposition.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 60

______ should have firm muscle tone, the ability to raise the head when in a prone position, and negative Barlow-Ortolani and Allis test results.

Answer 60

Infants

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 61

Infants should have firm muscle tone, the ability to raise the head when in a prone position, and negative ____ and _____ test results.

Answer 61

Barlow-Ortolani and Allis

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 62

Infants should have firm muscle tone, the ability to raise the head when in a ______ position, and negative Barlow-Ortolani and Allis test results.

Answer 62

prone

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 63

The nurse would consider ___, ___, ___, and ___ abnormal findings when assessing the musculoskeletal system.

Answer 63

deformities, asymmetry in size/contour, loose joints, and an inability to produce full resistance

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Findings)

Question 65

When documenting the history of present illness related to the musculoskeletal system, the nurse should include ___, ___, and ____ of symptoms (swelling, pain, limited mobility, changes in balance).

Answer 65

character, onset, and duration

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Documenting)

Question 66

The musculoskeletal system consists of the body’s

Answer 66

bones, joints, and muscles.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 67

___ and ____ are specialized forms of connective tissue.

Answer 67

Bone and cartilage

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 68

____ is hard, rigid, and very dense. Its cells are continually turning over and remodeling.

Answer 68

Bone

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 69

The ______ is the place of union of two or more bones.

Answer 69

joint (or articulation)

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 70

_____ are the functional units of the musculoskeletal system, allowing mobility.

Answer 70

Joints

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 71

The types of joints are

Answer 71

fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 72

In _____ joints, the bones are united by tissue and are immovable.

Answer 72

fibrous

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 73

______ joints are separated by fibrocartilaginous discs and are only slightly moveable.

Answer 73

Cartilaginous

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 74

Cartilaginous joints are separated by _______ and are only slightly moveable.

Answer 74

fibrocartilaginous discs

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 75

______ joints are freely movable because they have bones that are separated from one another and enclosed in a joint cavity, which is filled with the lubricating fluid.

Answer 75

Synovial

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 76

______ are fibrous bands that run from one bone to another bone that strengthen the joint and prevent movement in an undesirable direction.

Answer 76

Ligaments

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 77

There are ____ types of muscles and they are:

Answer 77

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 78

____ muscles, also known as voluntary muscles, are attached to bone by a .

Answer 78

Skeletal, tendon

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 79

______ muscles produce flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, pronation, supination, circumduction, inversion, eversion, rotation, protraction, retraction, elevation, and depression.

Answer 79

Skeletal

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 80

Humans have ___ cervical, ___ thoracic, ___ lumbar, ___ sacral, and _____ coccygeal vertebrae.

Answer 80

7
12
5
5
3 or 4

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 81

Bone grows rapidly during _____ and steadily during _____.

Answer 81

infancy, childhood

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 82

Rapid growth spurts occur during _______.

Answer 82

adolescence

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 83

Bone lengthening occurs at the:

Answer 83

epiphyses, or growth plates

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 84

During pregnancy, the most characteristic posture change is __________, which adjusts the center of balance as the fetus grows.

Answer 84

progressive lordosis

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 85

In the aging adult, __________ occurs, which is the cyclic process of bone resorption and deposition responsible for skeletal maintenance at sites that need repair or replacement.

Answer 85

bone remodeling

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 86

The net effect of bone remodeling is

Answer 86

a loss of bone density, or osteoporosis

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 87

Although some degree of osteoporosis is nearly universal, it is more of a concern among ______ than ______ due to decreased levels of ________.

Answer 87

women than men
estrogen

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 88

During ______, kyphosis is common because of chronic poor posture.

Answer 88

adolescence

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 89

During adolescence, _____is common because of chronic poor posture.

Answer 89

kyphosis

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 90

During adolescence, kyphosis is common because of _________.

Answer 90

chronic poor posture

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 91

Toward the _____ trimester of pregnancy, the pregnant woman may experience anterior cervical flexion, kyphosis, and slumped shoulders.

Answer 91

third

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 92

Toward the third trimester of pregnancy, the pregnant woman may experience musculoskeletal changes such as: _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 92

anterior cervical flexion, kyphosis, and slumped shoulders

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 93

The _______ may experience a decrease in height and slight flexion of the hips and knees.

Answer 93

aging adult

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 94

The aging adult may experience a in ______ height and ____ of the hips and knees.

Answer 94

decrease, slight flexion

(Jarvis 23 Sherpath Key Points)

Question 95

The spinous processes of ____ and ____ are prominent at the base of the neck

Answer 95

C7 and T1

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 96

The spinous process of C7 and T1 are prominent at:

Answer 96

the base of the neck

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 97

An imaginary line connecting the highest point on each iliac crest crosses ___

Answer 97

L4

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 98

cervical and lumbar curves are _______

Answer 98

concave (inward or anterior)

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 99

____ and ___ verebra curces are concave (inward)

Answer 99

cervical and lumbar curves

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 100

thoracic and sacrococcygeal curves are

Answer 100

convex

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 101

____ and ____ vertebra curves are convex

Answer 101

thoracic and sacrococcygeal

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 102

Each disc center has a ________ made of soft, semifluid, mucoid material that has the consistency of toothpaste in the young adult

Answer 102

nucleus pulposus

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 103

_______ is a belt of three large bones (humerus, scapula, and clavicle), joints, and muscles.

Answer 103

shoulder girdle

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 104

shoulder girdle is a belt of three large bones (____, ____, and ____), joints, and muscles.

Answer 104

humerus, scapula, and clavicle

(Jarvis 23 p576)

Question 105

_________ joint is the articulation of the humerus with the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Answer 105

glenohumeral

(Jarvis 23 p576)

Question 106

glenohumeral joint is the articulation of the _____ with the ______

Answer 106

humerus with the glenoid fossa of the scapula

(Jarvis 23 p575)

Question 107

Shoulder joint is enclosed by a group of four powerful muscles and tendons that support and stabilize it. Together these are called:

Answer 107

the rotator cuff

(Jarvis 23 p576)

Question 108

The _____, or radiocarpal joint, is the articulation of the distal radius (on the thumb side) and a row of 8 carpal bones

Answer 108

wrist

Question 109

The wrist, or ______ joint, is the articulation of the distal radius (on the thumb side) and a row of 8 carpal bones

Answer 109

radiocarpal

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 110

IThe radiocarpal’s _____ action permits movement in two planes at right angles: flexion and extension, and side-to-side deviation.

Answer 110

condyloid

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 111

Its condyloid action permits movement in two planes at right angles: _______ and ______.

Answer 111

flexion/extension, and side-to-side deviation

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 112

The ____ and ____ joints permit finger flexion and extension

Answer 112

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and the interphalangeal joints (DIP and PIP)

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 113

The metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and the interphalangeal joints (DIP and PIP) permit:

Answer 113

finger flexion and extension

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 114

The _____ joint contains the three bony articulations of the humerus, radius, and ulna of the forearm

Answer 114

elbow

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 115

The elbow joint contains the three bony articulations of the:

Answer 115

humerus, radius, and ulna of the forearm

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 116

The ____ joint is the articulation between the cup-shaped acetabulum and the head of the femur

Answer 116

hip

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 117

The hip joint is the articulation between

Answer 117

the cup-shaped acetabulum and the head of the femur

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 118

knee joint is the articulation of three bones:

Answer 118

Femur, tibia, and patella

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 119

The ____ joint is the articulation of three bones—the femur, the tibia, and the patella

Answer 119

knee

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 120

The ____ is the largest joint in the body

Answer 120

knee

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 121

The knee is a ______ joint, permitting flexion and extension of the lower leg on a single plane

Answer 121

hinge

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 122

It is a hinge joint, permitting _______ and _______ of the lower leg on a single plane

Answer 122

flexion and extension

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 123

Only the ______ hold the tibia and femur in place

Answer 123

ligaments

(Jarvis 23 p578)

Question 124

The knee is stabilized by two sets of ligaments. They are:

Answer 124

The cruciate and collateral ligaments.

(Jarvis 23 p579)

Question 125

_______ ligaments crisscross within the knee; they give anterior and posterior stability and help control rotation

Answer 125

cruciate

(Jarvis 23 p579)

Question 126

cruciate ligaments (not shown) crisscross within the knee; they give ________ and ______ stability and help control rotation

Answer 126

anterior and posterior

(Jarvis 23 p579)

Question 127

_______ ligaments connect the joint at both sides; they give medial and lateral stability and prevent dislocation

Answer 127

collateral

(Jarvis 23 p579)

Question 128

collateral ligaments connect the joint at both sides; they give _______ and ______ stability and prevent dislocation

Answer 128

medial and lateral

(Jarvis 23 p579)

Question 129

ankle, or______ joint, is the articulation of the tibia, fibula, and talus

Answer 129

tibiotalar

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 130

________, or tibiotalar joint, is the articulation of the tibia, fibula, and talus

Answer 130

ankle

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 131

ankle, or tibiotalar joint, is the articulation of the _____, _____, and ____

Answer 131

tibia, fibula, and talus

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 132

________ is under the talus and points posteriorly.

Answer 132

calcaneus (heel)

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 133

calcaneus (heel) is under the _____ and points ______

Answer 133

talus and points posteriorly.

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 134

subtalar joint permits _____ and _______ movement of the foot

Answer 134

inversion and eversion

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 135

The ______ and ______ provide for plantar flexion

Answer 135

gastrocnemius and toe flexors

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 136

gastrocnemius and toe flexors for ______ flexion

Answer 136

plantar

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 137

gastrocnemius and toe flexors for plantar _______

Answer 137

flexion

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 138

The _______ and _____ provide for dorsiflexion.

Answer 138

anterior tibialis and toe extensors

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 139

At _____ months, raising the baby’s head from prone position develops the anterior curve in the cervical neck region

Answer 139

3 to 4

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 140

From the age of ____ to _____, standing erect develops the anterior curve in the lumbar region.

Answer 140

1 year to 18 months

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 141

Peak bone mass or bone mineral density (BMD) is reached in _______, with males reaching their peak bone mass later than females

Answer 141

the mid-20s

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 142

Pregnant women can develop ______ lordosis,

Answer 142

progressive

(Jarvis 23 p581)

Question 143

When bone resorption (loss of bone matrix) occurs more rapidly, the net effect is a gradual loss of bone density or _______.

Answer 143

osteoporosis

(Jarvis 23 p580)

Question 144

Do long bones shorten with age?

Answer 144

No

(Jarvis 23 p581)

Question 145

Decreased height of ____ to ____ occurs with shortening of the vertebral column, caused by loss of water content and thinning of the intervertebral discs and by a decrease in the height of individual vertebrae from osteoporosis.

Answer 145

3 to 5 cm

(Jarvis 23 p581)

Question 146

increase in the thoracic curve is called _____.

Answer 146

kyphosis

(Jarvis 23 p581)

Question 147

____ is when two bones in a joint stay in contact, but their alignment is off

Answer 147

subluxation

(Jarvis 23 p586)

Question 148

Grade 5 ROM =

Answer 148

Full ROM against gravity w/full resistance.
100% normal.
Assessment: Normal.

(Jarvis 23 p586)

Question 149

Grade 4 ROM =

Answer 149

Full ROM against gravity w/soem resistance.
75% normal.
Assessment: Good.

(Jarvis 23 p586)

Question 150

Grad 3 ROM =

Answer 150

Full ROM against gravity w/gravity.
50% normal.
Assessment Fair.

(Jarvis 23 p586)

Question 151

Grade 2 ROM =

Answer 151

Full ROM against gravity w/full gravity eliminated.
25% normal.
Assessment Poor.

(Jarvis 23 p586)

Question 152

Gade 1 ROM =

Answer 152

Slight contraction
10% trace.
Assessment trace.

(Jarvis 23 p586)

Question 153

Grade 0 ROM =

Answer 153

No contraction
0% trace.
Assessment zero.

(Jarvis 23 p586)

Question 154

In _____ ____ the distal part of the great toe is directed away from the body midline

Answer 154

hallux valgus

(Jarvis 23 p600)

Question 155

“bowlegged” stance (________ ______) is a lateral bowing of the legs

Answer 155

genu varum

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 156

genu varum is:

Answer 156

A “bowlegged stance”, a lateral bowing of the legs.

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 157

How do you assess for genu varum?

Answer 157

Measure a persistant distance >2.5cm between knees when the medial malleoli are together.

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 158

Genu varum is normal for _____ year after the child begins walking.

Answer 158

1 year

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 159

“Knock-knees” (genu valgum) are present when

Answer 159

there is more than 2.5 cm between the medial malleoli when the knees are together

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 160

“Knock-knees” (______ ______) are present when there is more than 2.5 cm between the medial malleoli when the knees are together

Answer 160

genu valgum

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 161

How do you remember the difference between knock-knees and bowlegged?

Answer 161

To remember the two conditions, link the r’s and g’s: genu varum—knees apart; genu valgum—knees together

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 162

What is pes planus?

Answer 162

Flatfoot

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 163

continued flatfoot beyond age _____ may be associated with pathologic conditions such as Marfan syndrome, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, and obesity

Answer 163

3 years of age

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 164

Continued flatfoot beyond 3 years of age may be associated with pathologic conditions such as ____, _____, ____, and ____.

Answer 164

Marfan syndrome, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, and obesity

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 165

Pronation and lack of arch after age _____ is considered abnormal

Answer 165

3 years

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 166

From ____ to ___ years expect a broad-based gait, with arms out for balance

Answer 166

1 to 2

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 167

From ____ years the base narrows, and the arms are closer to the sides

Answer 167

3

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 168

______ is most apparent during the preadolescent growth spurt; marked asymmetry. ribs hump up on one side as child bends forward, with unequal landmark elevation

Answer 168

Scoliosis

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 169

Scoliosis is most apparent during the ________; marked asymmetry suggests

Answer 169

preadolescent growth spurt

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 170

Get Up and Go Test. Evidence shows that this timed test helps to identify older adults at increased risk of falling. Watch the time it takes the person to rise from an armchair, walk 10 feet, turn, walk back, and sit down again. A healthy adult over _____ years can manage this test in under _____ seconds.

Answer 170

60, 12

(Jarvis 23 p611)

Question 171

All women should get a bone mineral density scan by DEXA by age______ years;men should get a scan if certain risk factors exist

Answer 171

65

(Jarvis 23 p608)

Question 172

________is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and pain

Answer 172

Rheumatoid Arthritis (AS)

(Jarvis 23 p615)

Question 173

What is spondylitis?

Answer 173

Inflamed vertebrae

(Jarvis 23 p615)

Question 174

What is ankyloses?

Answer 174

Bony fusion of vertebral joints.

(Jarvis 23 p615)

Question 175

4 SITS muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 175

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis