posture and balance Flashcards
what is balance
quiet standing - involving keeping the centre of mass within the base of support
what allows the body to stand in the inverted pendulum model of human standing
using torque provided by active calf muscles
what is the equation for inverted pendulum stance
F= MG
force= mass x gravitational constant
center of gravity or mass is what
a point the mean position of the matter in a body or system
what is the centre of pressure
a point on a surface through the resultant force applies total pressure force
Centre of pressure oscillates forward and back to maintain…
centre of mass - sway can be quantified by com
standing is a what control process
sensorimotor
what are the 3 things for why we sway
sensory estimation
motor output
external and internal perturbations - b
what 5 things keep us upright
vision
proprioception
vestibular apparatus
touch
efference copy of motor command and prediction
2 different frequency control .. are…
slow / low frequency - visual control
fast/ high frequency for vestibular input
removing visual information cause’s the body to..
sway
quality of visual input can also effect
sway
distant visual information is useless for balance - t or f and why
t - no retinal motion
what is motion parallax
objects appear to move relative to each other
depending on focus point
objects appear to move relative to each other when we sway bc it
provides more information