PostMenopausal Flashcards

1
Q
  • OV become unresponsive to gonadotropins & stop producing progesterone, estrogen & estradiol therefore OV ↓ in size & follicles disappear
  • Menses become irregular 45- 55 yrs
  • UT & endo become ATROPHIC
  • Post menopausal bleeding may occur due to atrophic endo
A

Postmenopausal sono

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2
Q
  • UT & CX contours maintained
  • Sm. amt of fluid in CX due to CX stenosis
  • ↓ estrogen levels = THINNER stripe
  • Endo appears as stripe < 8 mm (asymptomatic pt.)
  • 4-5 mm upper limits of NORMAL if history of bleeding
  • Pt. w/ UNOPPOSED ESTROGEN hormone replacement < 8 mm
  • Pt. w/ sequential hormone replacements, endo up to 10-12 mm
  • Myometrium may have calcified ARCUATE arteries
A

Normal anatomy

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3
Q
  • Relieves symptoms of menopause & prevents osteoporosis

* Unopposed Estrogen assoc w/ ↑ risk of endo Ca & hyperplasia

A

Hormone replacement therapy

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4
Q

any bleeding (in an older woman), 6 months after last menstrual period
• ENDOMETRIAL ATROPHY- m/c cause WITHOUT HRT on TEST
• M/C cause Exogenous estrogen administration
• Endo CA
• Cervical CA
• Estrogen producing functional OV tumor (rare)

A

postmenopausal bleeding

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5
Q

– non steroidal antiestrogen used as a chemotherapeutic agent in pt. w/ breast CA
• Causes changes in endo w/ ↑ risk for endo CA

A

Tamoxifen

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