PostMenopausal Flashcards
1
Q
- OV become unresponsive to gonadotropins & stop producing progesterone, estrogen & estradiol therefore OV ↓ in size & follicles disappear
- Menses become irregular 45- 55 yrs
- UT & endo become ATROPHIC
- Post menopausal bleeding may occur due to atrophic endo
A
Postmenopausal sono
2
Q
- UT & CX contours maintained
- Sm. amt of fluid in CX due to CX stenosis
- ↓ estrogen levels = THINNER stripe
- Endo appears as stripe < 8 mm (asymptomatic pt.)
- 4-5 mm upper limits of NORMAL if history of bleeding
- Pt. w/ UNOPPOSED ESTROGEN hormone replacement < 8 mm
- Pt. w/ sequential hormone replacements, endo up to 10-12 mm
- Myometrium may have calcified ARCUATE arteries
A
Normal anatomy
3
Q
- Relieves symptoms of menopause & prevents osteoporosis
* Unopposed Estrogen assoc w/ ↑ risk of endo Ca & hyperplasia
A
Hormone replacement therapy
4
Q
any bleeding (in an older woman), 6 months after last menstrual period
• ENDOMETRIAL ATROPHY- m/c cause WITHOUT HRT on TEST
• M/C cause Exogenous estrogen administration
• Endo CA
• Cervical CA
• Estrogen producing functional OV tumor (rare)
A
postmenopausal bleeding
5
Q
– non steroidal antiestrogen used as a chemotherapeutic agent in pt. w/ breast CA
• Causes changes in endo w/ ↑ risk for endo CA
A
Tamoxifen