TUMORS Flashcards
- Serous tumors
- Mucinous tumors
- Endometrioid tumors
- Clear cell tumors
- Transiton cell (Brenner tumor)
Surface Epithelial Stromal Tumors (5 categories)
Tumors that arise from surface epithelium that cover the ovary
●Benign Serous
o Occur women 40-50 yrs old
o Sono: anechoic, sharp margins, large and unilocular. Possible thin wall septations
●Malignant Serous
o Occurs in peri+post menopausal
o Sono: multilocular papillary projections and septations, echogenic foci or material and ascites
●Cystadenofibromas
o Type of serous tumor with SOLID component
o Likely to mimic a malignant lesion
Serous Tumors BENIGN OR MALIGNANT- usually smaller than Mucinous
●Benign Mucinous
o Occur women 30- 50 yrs old
o Usually unilateral
o Sono: multiloculated thicker and numerous septations up to 50cm
●Malignant Tumor
o Occur in women 40-70 yrs old
o Rupture of tumor capsule may cause pseudomyxoma peritonei
o Sono: Multiloculated cystic 15-30cm w/ echogenic material and papillary projections
Mucinous Tumors BENIGN OR MALIGNANT
o Occurs in women 50-60 yrs old
o Better prognosis than serous or mucinous CA
o 12-20 cm
o Sono: cystic mass, papillary projections or solid mass w/ hemorrhage or necrosis
Endometriod Tumors
Malignant
o Occurs in women 50-70 yrs old
o up to 30cm
o Sono: non-specific; complex but predominantly cystic
Clear cell tumors (MALIGNANT)
●Occur women 40-80 yrs mean age 50 ●Usually <2cm; Can be bilateral ●Sono: HYPO solid mass possible calcification ●D/D: Ovarian Fibroma ●S/S: abnormal uterine bleeding
Transition cell (Brenner Tumor) Benign
Derived from the primitive germ cells of the embryonic gonads.
In children & adolescents, more than 60% of OV neoplasms are germ cell (1/3 malignant)
- Cystic Teratoma
- Dysgerminoma
- Yolk sac (Endodermal sinus) tumor
Germ cell tumors 3 categories
• Occurs in women of active reproductive yrs
• M/C benign germ cell tumor ** on TEST **
• M/C complication is OV torsion
• S/S: Pain, abnormal bleeding, abdominal mass or swelling
• Sono:
o Complex, cystic adnexa mass w/ calcifications, fat/fluid or hair
o “Tip of Iceberg” sign echogenic mass that shadows
Cystic Teratoma (DERMOID) BENIGN
- Occurs in women under 30yrs
- Up to 50cm
- M/C malignant germ cell; M/C neoplasm in pregnancy
- Highly radio-sensitive, Good Prognosis
- Sono: solid, Multilobulated, echogenic mass
Dysgerminoma MALIGNANT
- Occurs in 20-30yrs
- Always, unilateral, 3-30cm
- 2nd M/C malignant germ cell, metastasize via lymphatics
- Pts have ↑ AFP
- Sono: solid, mulilobulated, echogenic mass
Yolk Sac (Endodermal Sinus) Tumor MALIGNANT
Arise from the sex cords of embryonic gonads or ovarian stroma Usually BENIGN -Fibroma -Thecoma -Granulosa -Sertoli-Leydig(androblastoma) Tumor
Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors (4 categories)
• Occur at all ages, but most frequently during middle age
• Range in size possible ascites if >10cm
o MEIGS’ Syndrome
▪ Refers to ascites and pleural effusion assoc w/ fibroma
▪ Disappears after tumor removal
▪ Sono: HYPO: similar to fibroid or Brenner tumor
▪ Usually unilateral w/ or w/out calcs
Fibroma
- M/C in postmenopausal women who present with signs of estrogen or androgen activity
- Almost all cases are UNILATERAL
- 5-10cm
- Sono: HYPO; similar to Fibromas & possible abnormally thick endo secondary to hormonal stimulation
Thecoma
- Occur in women 50-55 yrs old & commonly produce estrogen
- Juvenile tumors result in precautious puberty
- Sono: small tumors= solid; similar to fibroids, large tumors= multilocular cystic; similar to cystadenomas
Granulosa
- Occur in women under 30 yrs of age
- Assoc. w/ ↑ Testosterone & Hirsutism; (50% due to estrogen ↑)
- Between 5-15cm
- Sono: Usually unilateral & appears similar to granulosa cell tumors; fibroids or cystic tumors
Sertoli-Leydig (androblastoma) Tumor
