Ovarian Pathology

Question 1

• Are hormonally active cysts resulting from released pituitary gonadotropins.
• They range in size from .5mm to 3cm.

Answer 1

Functional cysts

Question 2

• Occurs when dominant follicle fails to regress following ovulation and measure can 3 to 8 cm
• Over 3cm is abnormal

Answer 2

Follicular cysts

Question 3

• Occurs when dominant follicle releases the ovum (& progesterone)
• Can grow or hemorrhage into lumen usually <4cm
• May cause symptoms that simulate ectopic pregnancy

Answer 3

Corpus luteum cyst

Question 4

• Persistence of corpus luteum in the presence of hCG
• Can be > 6cm
• REGRESS BY 14 WEEKS GESTATION on TEST

Answer 4

Corpus luteum cyst of pregnancy

Question 5

• LARGEST OF ALL FUNCTIONAL CYSTS
• Multilocular, resulting from overstimulation of hCG
• (Assoc. w/ trophoblastic disease)
• Also caused by hCG administration during infertility.
• Sono: Acute cyst=hyperechoic/solid mass….hemorrhagic cyst complex & internal echoes

Answer 5

Theca Lutein Cyst

Question 6

• Caused by partial or complete rotation of the ovary.
• Rt sided torsion can mimic acute appendicitis
• Risk factors:
o Preexisting ovarian cyst or mass
o Children and young females w/ mobile adnexas
o Pregnancy
• Sono:
o Enlarged Ovary w/ multiple follicles
o Absent color and Doppler (depends on degree of torsion)
o Arterial flow but no venous
o Possible adnexal mass
o

Answer 6

Ovarian torsion

Question 7

●Endocrinologic disorder assoc with chronic and ovulation
●M/C in adolescent girls and young women
●Clinical Signs:
o	Obesity 
o	Oligomennorhea or Amenorrhea
o	Hirsutism
o	Infertility

***Always BILATERAL
 

Answer 7

POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME aka STEIN-LEVENTHAL SYNDROME