Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction

Question 1

Risk factors

Answer 1

> Obesity
> Age (middle age especially)
> Women 
\+ Diabetes
\+ hypertension
\+ previous surgery/foot/ankle trauma 
\+ steroid use

Question 2

Symptoms

Answer 2

> Pain @ posterior medial malleolus
- extends to navicular
lowered medial longitudinal arch
*can be a rupture but not common

Question 3

Test

Answer 3

> single leg heel rise

- heel won’t turn in (tibialis posterior is mainly responsible for this)

Question 4

Treatment

Answer 4

> Rest
Orthotics
Rehab
if v. bad - surgery is possible but not recommended