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Anatomy > Posterior Shoulder - Muscles and Bones > Flashcards

Posterior Shoulder - Muscles and Bones Flashcards

1
Q

Scapula

A
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2
Q

Attachment sites for rotator cuff muscles

A

Greater & Lesser tubercles

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3
Q

Humerus

A
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4
Q

Shoulder movements

A
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5
Q

Scapula movements

A
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6
Q

scapular sliding along thoracic wall occurs along…

A

scapulothoracic joint (hypothetical joint)

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7
Q

abduction of humerus above head cuases…

A

lateral rotation of scaupla

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8
Q

Serratus Anterior Muscle

A

Origin: lateral parts of ribs 1-8

Insertion: anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Function: Stabilizes scapular, laterally rotates scapula, protracts scapula

Innervation: Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

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9
Q

Winged Scaupla

A
  • Long thoracic nerve trauma
  • unable to clamp/stabilize scaupla against thoracic wall
  • unable to abduct arm above head b/c glenoid cavity cannot be laterally rotated
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10
Q

General groups of shoulder muscles

A
  1. Superficial posterior shoulder muscles
  2. Deep posterior shoulder muscles
  3. Scapulohumeral muscles
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11
Q

Superficial posterior shoulder muscles (Extrinsic shoulder muscles)

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Latissimus
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12
Q

Deep Posterior Shoulder Muscles

A
  1. Levator scapula
  2. Rhomboids (major/minor)
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13
Q

Levator Scapula

A

Function: elevates, rotates scapula; tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly

Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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14
Q

Rhomboids (major and minor)

A

Function: retract and rotate scapula; tilt glenoid cavity inferiorly

Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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15
Q

Scapulohumeral muscles

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Teres Major
  3. Supraspinatus
  4. Infraspinatus
  5. Subscapularis
  6. Teres Minor
  • All muscles pass from scapula to humerus and act on shoulder joint
  • stabilize humerus head in glenoid cavity
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16
Q

Deltoid

A

Origin: Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Function: principal abductor of arm

Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

17
Q

Teres Major

A

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: intertubercular groove (bicipital groove) of humerus

Function: adducts and medially rotates arm

Innervation: lower subscapular nerve (C5-C6)

18
Q

Muscles of Rotator Cuff

A
  1. Supraspinatus
  2. Infraspinatus
  3. Teres minor
  4. Subscapularis
  • Insertion: musculotendinous rotator cuff
  • Function: protect shoulder joint; stabilize humeral head
  • Mnemonic: SITS
19
Q

Supraspinatus Muscle

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa

Insertion: superios facet of greater tubercule

Function: arm abduction

Innervation: suprascauplar nerve (C5&C6)

20
Q

Infraspinatus Muslce

A

Origin: Infraspinous fossa

Insertion: middle facet of greater tubercle

Function: Lateral rotation of arm

Innervation: suprascauplar nerve (C5&C6)

21
Q

Teres Minor

A

Origin: Lateral border of scaupla

Insertion: inferior facet of greater tubercle

Function: Laterally rotates arm

Innervation: Axillary nerve

22
Q

Subscapularis

A

Origin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Leser tubercle

Function: Medially rotates and adducts arm

Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5 & C6)

23
Q

Subacromial Bursae (subacromial and subdeltoid bursae)

A
  • synovial fluid filled sacs that helps reduce friction btwn muscles/bone during shoulder movements
24
Q

Gateways to Posterior Scapular Region

A
  1. Suprascapular notch/foramen
  2. Quadrangular space
  3. Trigangular Space
  4. Triangular interval
  • These allow neurovascular structures to move between anterior and posterior scapular/arm regions
25
Q

Suprascapular Notch

A
  • located on superior border of scapula
  • superior transverse scapular ligament spans the roof of this forming a foramen
  • Suprascapular nerve passes through foramen and innervates infraspinatus muscles
  • Subscapular artery passes over this ligament
  • ligament can ossify and compress scauplar nerve –> shoulder pain
26
Q

Quadrangular Space

A
  • Bounded by
    • Teres Major
    • Teres Minor
    • Long head of triceps
    • Surgical neck of humerus
  • Contains Axillary nerve and Posterior circumflex humeral artery
27
Q

Triangular Space

A
  • Bounded by
    • Teres Major
    • Teres Minor
    • Long head of triceps
  • Contains circumflex scapular artery (branch of subscauplar artery)
28
Q

Dermatome

A
  • Representations of which spinal nerve root innervates which region of skin
  • tell you which level dorsal root accepts sensory information from a particular part of body
  • cell bodies of these sensory neurons reside in dorsal root ganglion
29
Q

Shingles

A
  • Herpes zoster is virus that makes chicken pox in children
  • in some patients remains dormant in **dorsal root ganglion **
  • can become active, travel along nerve fibers to dermatome supplied by that nerve
  • rash erupts –> painful shingles
30
Q

Important Dermatomes to Remember

A

Anatomy (18 decks)

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