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Anatomy > Nose, Nasal Cavity and Palate > Flashcards

Nose, Nasal Cavity and Palate Flashcards

1
Q

What seperates nasal cavity from nasal pharynx?

A

Choanae (in posterior of nasal cavity)

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2
Q

Piriform Apterture

A

Surrounded by

  • Maxillae
    • Anterior nasal spine
  • Nasal Bones
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3
Q

Components of External Nose

A
  • Ala (wing)
  • Dorsum
  • Nares (nostrils)
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4
Q

Nasal Cartilages

A
  • Lateral
  • Septal
  • Alar
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5
Q

Nasal Cavity

A
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6
Q

Parts of Nasal Septum

A
  • Bony septum
    • Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
    • Vomer
  • Cartilagenous septum
    • between vomer and perpendicular plate of ethmoid
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7
Q

Structures of Lateral Nasal Wall

A
  • Conchae (turbinates)
  • Meatuses (meati)
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8
Q

Conchae

A
  • Turbinates
  • Scrolls of bone in nasal cavity
  • Superior and Middle are from ethmoid bone
  • Inferior is a seperate bone
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9
Q

Meatus

A
  • Airways below turbinates/conhae
  • Superior
  • Middle
  • Inferior
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10
Q

Sphenoethmoidal Recess and what opens here

A
  • superior to superior turbinate
  • Sphenoid sinus opens here
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11
Q

Features of the Middle Meatus

A
  • Ethmoid Bulla
  • Semilunar Hiatus
    • opening of Frontal and Maxillary sinuses
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12
Q

Features of Inferior Meatus

A

Nasolacrimal Duct

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13
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A
  • Frontal
  • Maxillary
  • Ethmoidal
  • Sphenoid
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14
Q

Where does Ethmoidal sinus open into?

A

Middle and superior meatuses

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15
Q

Maxillary Sinusitis

A
  • Inflammation of mucosa of maxillary sinus percieved as dental pain
  • Infraorbital nerve (V2) runs across roof of sinus
  • give off branches that enter roots of teeth
  • so inflamed mucosa can impinge on these nerves
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16
Q

Anterior Nasal Sensation

A
  • V1–> Nasocilliary Nerve –> Anterior ethmoidal nerve –> anterior and lateral septal nerves and
  • External nasal nerve
    • Supplies dorsum and tip of nose
    • damanged in nasal bone fractures
17
Q

Posterior Nasal Sensation

A
  • V2 –> Sphenopalatine –> Posterior lateral nasal nerve and Nasopalatine Nerve
    • passes through incisive canal to supply the anterior palate
18
Q

Olfactory Nerve (CN I)

A
  • Special Sensory - Smell
  • Cells located at roof of nasal cavity
  • Fibers enter cranial cavity via cribiform plate of ethmoid bone
  • synapse in olfactory bulb, becomes olfactory tract
19
Q

Arterial Supply of Nose

A
  • Sphenopalatine artery
    • from maxillary artery
    • through sphenopalatine foramen
  • Ethmoidal artery
    • from opthalmic artery
    • through anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina
20
Q

Nose bleeds (Epistaxis)

A
  • Anterior septum is highly vascularized
  • Kiesselbach’s Area - common site for nosebleeds
21
Q

Nasal Fractures

A
  • Common
  • Severe fractures –> Cribiform Plate of Ethmoid
    • if Meninges tears, can result in
      • CSF leakage (CSF Rhi norrhea)
      • Meningitis
  • Damage of External Nasal Nerve can also occur
22
Q

Deviated Septum

A
  • May block passage of air through side of nasal cavity
23
Q

Pterygopalatine Fossa

A
  • Space between posterior Maxillary and Pterygoid plate of Sphenoid
  • Lateral entrance is through pterygomaxillary fissure
24
Q

Contents of Pterygopalatine Fossa

A
  • Branches of V2
  • Nerve of Pterygoid Canal
  • Pterygopalatine ganglion
  • branches of maxillary artery
25
Q

V2 Branches in Pterygopalatine Fossa

A
  • enters foramen rotundum and branches into:
    • Zygomatic Nerve
    • Infraorbital Nerve
    • Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
    • Sphenopoalatine Nerve
    • Greater/Lesser Palatine
    • Pharyngeal Nerve
26
Q

Vidian’s Nerve (Nerve of Pterygoid Canal)

A
  • unoin of sympathetic and parasympthetic
  • Sympathetic
    • postganglionic
    • Deep Petrosal Nerve
    • from Carotid Plexus (Sympathetic Trunk)
  • Parasympathetic
    • preganglionic
    • Greater Petrosal Nerve (CN VII)
    • synapse in pterygopalatine ganglion
    • hitchhike on branches of V2
27
Q

What does Maxillary Artery enter pterygopalatine fossa through?

A
  • Pterygomaxillary fissure
  • Branches and follows V2
28
Q

Part of Palate

A
  • Hard Palate
    • maxilla bone
      • Incisive fossa
      • Alveolar proceesses hold teeth
    • palatine bone
      • Greater/Lesser palatine foramina
  • Soft Palate
    • muscles/aponeuroses
29
Q

Characteristics of Palatine Mucosa

A
  • Covers hard and soft palate
  • Ruggae - anterior part; transverse folds
  • Raphe - central longitudinal ridge
  • Incisive Papilla - over incisive fossa
30
Q

Soft Palate Fucntion and Structures

A
  • Function: Close off nasopharynx from oral cavity/oropharynx
    • prevents food from entering nasal cavity during swallowing
    • needed to speak clearly, not needed to swallow
  • Structures: Uvula hangs from posterior edge
31
Q

Sensory Nerves from the Palate

A
  • Somatic Sensory V2
    • Nasopalatine Nerve
    • Greater Palatine Nerve
    • Lesser palatine Nerve
  • Taste
    • Taste buds supplied by CN VII
32
Q

Blood Supply to Palate

A
  • Greater and Lesser Palatine Arteries
    • From Maxillary Artery

Anatomy (18 decks)

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