Antimicrobials Flashcards
B-Lactams
Glycopeptides
Bacitracin
Cycloserine
Phosphonomycin
Process Targeted: Cell wall synthesis
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits NAM synthesis
Drug Inactivation: None
Altered Drug target: Rare
Altered Drug uptake: rare
Isoniazid
Ethambutol
Lipopeptides
Process targetedL Cell membrane integrity
Mechanism: Destabilizes Gram-positive cell membranes
Drug Inactivation: none
Altered Drug target: None
Altered Drug uptake: none
Other resistance: unknown
Aminoglycosides
Process Targeted: Translation
Mechanism: Binds 30S ribosomal subunit near A site
Drug Inactivation: APH, AAC, ANT
Altered Drug target: Rare
Altered drug uptake: Altered membrane potential
Other Resistance: None
Tetracyclines
Macrolides
Lincosamides
Streptogrammins
Process targeted: Translation
Mechanism: B-subunit binds 50S ribosome subunit blocking exiting peptide
Drug Inactivation: VGB
Altered Drug target: rRNA methylation
Altered drug uptake: Gram-positive efflux
Other resistance: none
Oxazolidinones
Fusidic Acid
Mupirocin
Quinolones
Rifamycins
Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim
Diarylquinolines
Nitrofurantoin
Process: Prodrug
Mechanism: Activated by nitroreductases to relase reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI)
Drug inactivation: None
Metronidazole
Process: prodrug
Mechanism: Activated by nitroreducates to release RNIs
Drug inactivation: none
Altered drug target: Loss of nitroreductase
Altered drug uptake: none
Pyranzenamide
Process: prodrug
Mechanism: unknown
Drug inactivation: none
Altered Drug target:altered PncA
Altered drug uptake: none