Portal hypertension Flashcards
1
Q
What is the portal hypertension diagnostic criteria
A
When portal hypertension >6mmHg, varices start to develop at >8mmHg and start to bleed at 12mmHg
2
Q
What are the causes of portal hypertension
A
Pre-hepatic
- Schistosomiasis
- Portal vein thrombosis
Hepatic
- Any cause of liver cirrhosis
Post-hepatic
- Budd-Chiari syndrome
- Hepatopulmonary syndrome
3
Q
How does portal hypertension present
A
UGIT bleed
LGIT bleed
4
Q
What does the management of portal hypertension entail
A
Clinical history - Risk factors, previous bleeding, interventions, medications
Clinical examination
Resuscitation - ABCD principles: D- somatostatin analogue, PPI, Broadspectrum antibiotic
Blood tests: FBC, U&E, LFT, INR
Endoscopy - if endoscopic treatment fails place Sengstaken Blakemore tube
