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Obstetrics and Gynaecology > Polyhydramnios and Multiple Pregnancy > Flashcards

Polyhydramnios and Multiple Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

define polyhydramnios?

A

excess amniotic fluid (AFI >25cm and DVP >8cm)

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2
Q

causes of polyhydramnios

A 
diabetes
anomaly
monochorionic twins
hydrops fetalis
viral infection
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3
Q

what does polyhydramnios risk?

A

pre-term labour

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4
Q

presentation of polyhydramnios

A 
abdominal discomfort
tense, shiny abdomen
unable to feel foetal parts
PROM
cord prolapse
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5
Q

diagnosis of polyhydramnios

A

USS

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6
Q

causation diagnosis

A 
OGTT
serology
antibody screen
USS
MCA doppler
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7
Q

management of polyhydramnios

A

serial USS
IOL by 40 weeks
patient information

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8
Q

what is multiple pregnancy?

A

presence of more than one foetus

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9
Q

RF for multiple pregnancy

A 
assisted conception
African
FH
increased age
increased parity
tall women
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10
Q

zygosity classification of multiple pregnancy

A

monozygotic

dizygotic

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11
Q

chorionicity classification of multiple pregnancy

A

dizygous

monozygous

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12
Q

presentation of multiple pregnancy

A

exaggerated pregnancy symptoms (hyperemesis gravidarum)
high AFP
large for dates
multiple foetal poles

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13
Q

complications of multiple pregnancy

A 
higher mortality
congenital abnormalities
pre-term
FGR
cerebral palsy
TTTS
PET
haemorrhage
C/S
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14
Q

USS signs for twins

A

DCDA has lambda sign

MCDA has T sign

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15
Q

management of multiple pregnancy

A 
consultant led care with appointments every 2-4 weeks
education
iron supplements
aspirin
folic acid
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16
Q

what is twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS)

A

artery-vein anastomoses where donor twin perfuses recipient twin

17
Q

who gets TTTS

A

only monochorionic twins

18
Q

presentation with TTTS

A

oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios

19
Q

management of TTTS

A
  • <26 weeks= fetoscopic laser ablation (risks twin anaemia – polycythaemia)
  • > 26 weeks= amnioreduction/ septostomy
  • Deliver 34-36 weeks
20
Q

define SGA

A

EFW or AC <10th centile

21
Q

causes of SGA

A

preterm
IUGR
LBW

22
Q

what is LBW?

A

<2.5kg

23
Q

causes of SGA?

A

infection
multiple
placental abruption

24
Q

when is SFH measured

A

from 24 weeks

25
Q

diagnosis of SGA

A 
measure AC and EFW
liquor volume
amniotic fluid index (AFI)
dopplers
CTG
26
Q

how do you measure EFW?

A

head circumference + femur length

27
Q

what does presence of uterine artery notching at 20 weeks increase the risk of?

A

SGA

28
Q

most common cause for small for dates?

A

PET

Obstetrics and Gynaecology (31 decks)

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