Anatomy

Question 1

which organs are in the pelvic cavity?

Answer 1

ovaries
fallopian tubes
uterus
superior part of the vagina

Question 2

what organs are in the perineum?

Answer 2

inferior vagina
perineal muscles
Bartholin's glands
clitoris
labia

Question 3

what is the peritoneum?

Answer 3

serous membrane that secretes peritoneal fluid and drapes over the rectum, uterus and bladder

Question 4

what pouches does the peritoneum form?

Answer 4

Female= vesico-uterine and recto-uterine pouches
male= recto-vesico

Question 5

what is the broad ligament made of?

Answer 5

double layer of peritoneum

Question 6

where does the broad ligament lie?

Answer 6

extends from the uterus to the floor of the pelvis to keep the uterus in the midline

Question 7

what is the round ligament?

Answer 7

embryological remanent of the gubernaculum (helps the ovaries descend)

Question 8

where does the female anatomy come from?

Answer 8

Mullerian duct

Question 9

three layers of the uterus

Answer 9

perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium

Question 10

two parts of the endometrium

Answer 10

stratum functionalis

stratum basalis

Question 11

where does fertilisation occur?

Answer 11

within the fallopian tubes

Question 12

where does implantation occur?

Answer 12

uterus

Question 13

what do the uterine tubes have a risk of?

Answer 13

the fimbrated ends open into the pelvic cavity which risks PID spread and ectopic pregnancy

Question 14

what makes up the levator ani?

Answer 14

iliococcygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis

Question 15

what supplies levator ani?

Answer 15

nerve to levator ani from pudendal nerve (S2,3,4)

Question 16

where does the breast extend?

Answer 16

ribs 2-6 from lateral border of the sternum to the mid-axillary line

Question 17

what is the hip bone made up of?

Answer 17

ilium
ischium
pubis
meet at the acetabulum

Question 18

differences in the female pevlis

Answer 18

wider diameter
wider suprapubic angle
shallow pelvic cavity

Question 19

what is the station?

Answer 19

distance of the foetal head from the ischial spines

+ve it is inferior

Question 20

where does blood supply to the ovaries come from?

Answer 20

gonadal arteries that leave the abdominal aorta at L2

Question 21

two important spinal levels in pain?

Answer 21

T11- L2 for those that touch the peritoneum

S2-4 from perineum

Question 22

what does the needle pass through in caudal equina anaesthetic?

Answer 22

supraspinous ligament
interspinous ligament
ligamentum flavum
epidural space (fat and veins)
dura mater
arachnoid mater

Question 23

signs the anaesthetic is working?

Answer 23

lower limb look flushed
warm
reduced sweating

Question 24

risk in anaesthetic

Answer 24

hypotension due to vasodilation

Question 25

what do the external obliques form?

Answer 25

inguinal ligament with inferior free edge

Question 26

what do the testes sit in?

Answer 26

tunica vaginalis in the scrotum

Question 27

what produces sperm?

Answer 27

seminiferous tubules

Question 28

passage of sperm

Answer 28

rete testis > head of epididymis > vas deferens

Question 29

length and volume of testes

Answer 29

5cm in length

12-25ml volume

Question 30

arterial supply to the testes

Answer 30

lateral aspect of the aorta at L2

Question 31

venous supply to the teste

Answer 31

left testicular > left renal

right testicular > IVC