Polycythemia & Lymphoproliferative Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Polycythemia

A

Increased red cell concentration

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2
Q

What are the two types of Polycythemia?

A

Absolute

Relative

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3
Q

What causes absolute polycythemia?

A

Actual increase in the red cell mass

Categories: Primary or Secondary

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4
Q

What causes increase Total Protein?

A

Dehydration

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5
Q

How is globulin calculated?

A

Albumin - Total Protein = Globulin

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6
Q

What are the two types of Leukemias?

A

Lymphoproliferative disorders

Myeloproliferative disorders

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7
Q

What are the types of chronic leukemias?

A

Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia - B-cell or T-cell

Chronic Myeloproliferative

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8
Q

What are the two types of Acute Leukemias?

A

Lymphoblastic leukemia

Myelogenous leukemia

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9
Q

Traditional identification of cell types to classify as lymphoid or myeloid

A

Morphologic appearance
Cytochemical staining properties
Electron microscopic appearance
Monoclonal antibody binding to antigens

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10
Q

Lymphoproliferative Neoplasia

A

Lymphoblastic leukemia
Lymphocytic leukemia
Plasma cell leukemia

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11
Q

Myeloproliferative Neoplasia

A
Undifferentiated leukemia
Granulocytic leukemia
Monocytic leukemia
Myelomonocytic leukemia
Erythroid leukemia
Megakaryocytic leukemia
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12
Q

What are the clinical signs for Acute Leukemia?

A
Pale mucous membranes
Splenomegaly 
Hepatomegaly 
Lethargy
Weight Loss
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13
Q

What causes Relative Polycythemia?

A

Decreased plasma volume or erythrocyte redistribution

Ex: Dehydration and body fluid shifts

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14
Q

What causes body fluid shifts?

A

Splenic contraction in excitable animals

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15
Q

What causes secondary Polycythemia?

A

Overproduction of erythrocytes secondary to increased erythropoietin secondary to generalized or renal hypoxia or overproduction by a tumor

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16
Q

What is Primary absolute polycythemia?

A

well differentiated myeloproliferative disorder

17
Q

How is primary polycythemia diagnosed?

A

By excluding relative and secondary polycythemia

18
Q

Patients with relative polycythemia caused by a reduction in plasma volume usually have a concurrent….

A

Increased in plasma protein

19
Q

What does NOT occur in relative polycythemia caused by transient increase in red blood cell mass?

A

an increase in plasma protein concentration

20
Q

What is secondary polycythemia associated with?

A

High Altitudes

21
Q

Leukemia

A

Neoplastic proliferation of hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow

22
Q

What type of cells predominate Acute Leukemias?

A

Immature (blast) cells

23
Q

What type of cells predominate chronic leukemias?

A

Mature more well differentiated cells in the blood and marrow

24
Q

Myeloid Neoplasms

A

cancer of hematopoietic cells

25
Q

Is the survival time for Acute Leukemia long or short?

A

Short

26
Q

Is the survival time for Chronic Leukemia long or short?

A

Longer than Acute Leukemias