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RUSVM Clinical Pathology 2016 > Intestine > Flashcards

Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

What is characteristic for Upper GI bleeding on an occult blood test?

A

Melena

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2
Q

What does a Fecal Occult Blood test measure?

A

pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin

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3
Q

What causes a false positive on a fecal occult blood test?

A

Myoglobin/hemoglobin in meats

Fresh vegetables containing peroxidases

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4
Q

What causes a false negative on a fecal occult blood test?

A

High vitamin c intake

High fluid content that dilutes blood

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5
Q

When do you see neutrophils in a fecal cytology?

A

with colonic inflammation

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6
Q

When do you see eosinophils in a fecal cytology?

A

eosinophilic colitis

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7
Q

Should the microflora be heterogenous or homogenous?

A

heterogenous

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8
Q

What does a homogenous microflora indicate?

A

Bacterial overgrowth

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9
Q

What spore forms look like a safety pin?

A

Clostridium

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10
Q

What spore forms look like a gull-wing?

A

Campylobacter

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11
Q

What are the endocrine functions of the Pancreas?

A

Insulin and glucagon secretion

Glucose secretion

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12
Q

What are the exocrine functions of the Pancreas?

A

Synthesis/secretion of digestive enzymes

Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, procarboxypeptidases, lipase and amylase

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13
Q

What does exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) result in?

A

inadequate food digestion

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14
Q

What are the clinical signs for Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficency?

A

Weight loss
Poorly formed stools
Increased fecal volume

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15
Q

What is mechanism for Pancreatic acinar atrophy?

A

immune mediated destruction

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16
Q

TLI

A

Trypsin-like Immunoreactivity

17
Q

TLI use

A

specific detection of both trypsin and trypsinogen

sensitive and specfic test for EPI

18
Q

Where is Folate absorbed?

A

Proximal Small Intestine (jejunum)

19
Q

Where is B12 absorbed?

A

Distal Small Intestine (ileum)

20
Q

What does B12 do?

A

Binds intrinsic factor (IF)

21
Q

Decrease in both Folate and B12

A

Generalized Malabsorption

22
Q

Decreased Folate

Normal B12

A

Proximal SI defect

23
Q

Folate normal

decreased B12

A

Distal SI defect

24
Q

What is needed for B12 absorption?

A

Intrinsic Factor

25
Q

What happens to IF with EPI?

A

Decreased Intrinsic Factor release

Decreased B12

26
Q

What is common in dogs with EPI?

A

Bacterial Overgrowth

27
Q

What can Intestinal bacteria do?

A

Synthesize Folate
Bind B12 and prevent absorption
Causing bacterial overgrowth

RUSVM Clinical Pathology 2016 (22 decks)

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