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Anatomy > PNS > Flashcards

PNS Flashcards

1
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Serves as their interface between the CNS, the rest of the body and surrounding environment in which we live

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2
Q

Cranial nerves

A

Nerves that emerge directly from the brain
Relay information between brain and other parts of the body especially the head and neck

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3
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there

A

12

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4
Q

CN I
Olfactory nerve

A

Sensory innervation: smell

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5
Q

CN II
Optic nerve

A

Sensory: sight/ vision

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6
Q

CN III
Oculomotor

A

Motor: eye movement

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7
Q

CN IV
Trochlear nerve

A

Motor: eye movement

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8
Q

CN V
trigeminal

A

Sensory: facial sensation
Motor: chewing muscles

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9
Q

CN VI
abducens

A

Motor: eye movement

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10
Q

CN VII
facial nerve

A

Sensory: taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue
Motor: muscle of facial expression

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11
Q

CN VIII
vestibutocohlear ( auditory nerve)

A

Sensory: equilibrium and hearing

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12
Q

CN IX
glossopharyngeal nerve

A

Sensory: taste of posterior from 1/3 of tongue
Motor: swallowing

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13
Q

CN X
vagus nerve

A

Only cranial nerve that travels into thoracic and abdomen
Sensory: from throat, thoracic and abdominal visceral
Motor: swallowing muscle, diaphragm and motor activity of thoracic and abdominal visceral

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14
Q

CN XI
accessory nerve

A

Motor: head rotation and shoulder movement

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15
Q

CN XIII
hypoglossal nerve

A

Motor: tongue movement for speech and swallowing

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16
Q

Spinal nerve

A

Each segment of spinal cord is connected to a pair of spinal nerves which innervate respective side of the body

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17
Q

How many spinal nerves are there

A

There are 31 nerves entering and exiting the spinal nerves at various levels

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18
Q

__  Pairs of cervical nerves

A

C1-C8

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19
Q

__ pairs of thoracic nerves

A

T1-T12

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20
Q

__ pairs of lumbar nerves

A

L1-L5

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21
Q

__ Pairs of sacral nerve

A

S1-S5

22
Q

__pairs of coccygeal nerves

A

CO1

23
Q

Why are there eight pairs of cervical nerves but seven cervical vertebrae

A

Spinal nerve C1 exits superior to vertebra C1 whereas spinal nerve C8 exits inferior to vertebrae C7

24
Q

Dorsal root

A

Posterior and provide sensory input
Contains the axons of sensory neurons who sells bodies are located in dorsal root ganglia

25
Q

Dorsal root ganglion

A

Cluster of nuclei present only on the dorsal root

26
Q

Ventral root

A

Anterior and delivers motor input
Contains the axons of Motor neurons who Cell bodies are located in gray matter tracks of spinal cord

27
Q

Roots

A

Medial to spinal nerves and strictly sensory or motor fibers

28
Q

Rami

A

Lateral to spinal nerves and contain sensory and motor fibers

29
Q

Nerve plexuses

A

Net work of parietal nerves

30
Q

 The ventral rami of all spinal nerves branch and join one another lateral to The vertebral column to form a plexus which

A

Primarily innervate limbs

31
Q

Fibers from different ventral rami redistribute so that

A

Each end branch Of the plexus Contains fibers from Several different spinal nerves

Fibers from each central Remus travel to the body periphery via several different branches 

32
Q

Cervical plexus

A

Neck
Innervate skin and muscles of neck

33
Q

Cervical plexus
Phrenic nerve

A

Most important branch of the cervical plexus
Receives fibers from C3-C5
Innervates diaphragm

34
Q

Brachial plexus

A

Lower neck and axiliary region
Receives fibers from C5-T1
Innervates upper limb 

35
Q

Brachial plexus
Musculocutaneous nerve

A

Innervates biceps brachii and brachialis
Distal to the elbow it provides sensation of lateral forearm 

36
Q

Brachial plexus
median nerve

A

Innervates both vessels of the anterior forearm
Passes to get carpal tunnel and innervates the muscle of lateral palm

37
Q

Brachial plexus
Ulnar nerve

A

Travels along the medial side of arm at the elbow it passes posterior to the medial epicondyle
Innervates most hand muscles
receives sensory input from medial hand

38
Q

Brachial plexus
Radial nerve

A

Innervates post to your side of upper limb
receives sensory input from dorsal lateral hand

39
Q

Lumbar plexus

A

Psoas major muscle
Receives fibers from L1- L5
Smaller branches innervate parts of abdominal wall in the Psoas but its main branch descend to innervate anterior thigh

40
Q

Lumbar plexus
Femoral nerve

A

Runs deep to inguinal ligament
Innervates anterior thigh muscle

41
Q

Lumbar plexus
Obturator nerve

A

Passes through obturator foramen Of the pelvis to enter medial thigh
Innervates adductor muscles

42
Q

Sacral plexus

A

Inferior to lumbar plexus
Receives fibers from L4-S4
Innervates pelvis, buttox, lower limb

43
Q

Lumbosacral plexus

A

Lumbar and sacral plexuses are often Combined since some fibers from the lumbar plexus contribute to the sacral plexus

44
Q

Lumbosacral plexus
Sciatic nerve

A

Largest nerve in body
passes through greater sciatic notch innervates posterior thigh
Branches into the tibial nerve in common fibular nerve

45
Q

 Lumbosacral plexus
Tibial nerve

A

Innervates all muscles in posterior leg as well as skin on sole of feet

46
Q

Lumbosacral plexus
Common fibular nerve ( common peroneal)

A

Innervates antrolateral leg

47
Q

Lumbosacral plexus
Pudendal nerve

A

Innervates muscles and skin of perineum help stimulate erection and sexual arousal

48
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

System of motor neurons that innervate smooth, cardiac muscles and glands

49
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Fight or flight
controlled by E and norepinephrine
Mobilize body to respond to stress when more energy is needed

50
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Rest and digest controlled by vagus nerve routine maintenance and allows body to relax and conserve energy

Anatomy (19 decks)

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