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Bloc B - Respiration > Pneumonia Oct20 M2,3 > Flashcards

Pneumonia Oct20 M2,3 Flashcards

1
Q

pneumonia: how can surpass host defenses (3)

A

defect in host defense, highly virulent, overwhelming bacteria

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2
Q

3 types of pneumonia

A

bacteria, viruses, fungus

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3
Q

3 categories of bacterial pneumonias

A

typical, atypical and selected populations

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4
Q

typical bacterial pneumonia principal organism

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

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5
Q

atypical bacterial pneumonia principal organism

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

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6
Q

selected populations bacterial pneumonia principal organisms (2)

A

staphylococcus aureus

pseudomonas aeruginosa

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7
Q

most common cause of pneumonia

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

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8
Q

streptococcus pneumoniae description + what kind of infection

A

gram positive diplococcus, lobar pneumonia, inflammatory edema fills alveolar airspace and spreads through pores of Kohn

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9
Q

streptococcus pneumoniae on CXR

A

air bronchograms, whole lobe affected. (consolidation)

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10
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae affects who mostly

A

healthy young adults

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11
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae why atypical

A

bc can be counfounded with virus bc of the symptoms (headache, sore throat, aches, pains

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12
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae intensity

A

mild

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13
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae CXR and CT

A

interstitial pattern. ground glass opacities and nodules on CT

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14
Q

staphylococcus aureus gram, acquired where

A

gram positive, hospital acquired

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15
Q

streptococcus pneumonia acquired where

A

community

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16
Q

staphylococcus aureus susceptible hosts

A

post-influenza, children, elderly

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17
Q

staphylococcus aureus type of lung infection + give pathology

A

bronchopneumonia. airways involved, rapid spread, necrosis, cavitation, tissue destruction, empyeme, abcess

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18
Q

staphylococcus aureus on CXR

A

bronchopneumonia, no air bronchograms, atelectasis, pleural effusion

19
Q

staphylococcus aureus CT

A

patchy

20
Q

pseudomonas aeruginosa gram and acquired where

A

hospital acquired, gram negative

21
Q

pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptible hosts

A

underlying disease

22
Q

virus pneumonia main organisms

A

infuenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus

23
Q

influenza pneumonia susceptible hosts

A

elderly, nursing home, children

24
Q

influenza pneumonia risk it has

A

bacterial superinfection (ex. S.aureus after the infection)

25
Q

influenza pneumonia: what pattern of infection

A

interstitial

26
Q

aspiration pneumonia what type of organism

A

virus

27
Q

aspiration pneumonia: who at risk + characteristics

A

elderly, poor mental status. gram negative anaerobes

28
Q

what to look at in diagnosis of pneumonia

A

make sure have pneumonia, risk factors, cause of pneumonia

29
Q

what to look at in assessment of pneumonia

A

how sick they are, complications

30
Q

how to manage pneumonia

A

need to be admitted?
treatment?
complications need treatment?

31
Q

symptoms of pneumonia

A

cough, fever, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, atypical symptoms

32
Q

physical signs of pneumonia

A

tachypnea, hypoxemia, cyanosis, accessory resp muscles

33
Q

CXR use in pneumonia

A

find type of infection (ID organism) + severity

34
Q

what organisms cause interstitial pneumonia

A

mycoplasma pneumonia, influenza

35
Q

what organisms cause lobar pneumonia

A

streptococcus pneumonia

36
Q

what organisms cause bronchopneumonia

A

staphylococcus aureus

37
Q

criteria to make us thing it’s pneumonia rather than bronchitis

A

short lived, viral symptoms (sneezing, sore throat), fever

38
Q

risk factors for pneumonia

A

age, viral infections, comorbidities, abnormal host defense (cilia)

39
Q

community acquired pneumonias and age groups affected

A
  • respiratory viruses (children and young adults)
  • atypicals (mycoplasma) (young adults)
  • strept. (elderly)
40
Q

nocosomial pneumonias

A
  • strept.
  • influenza
  • staph and pseudomonas
41
Q

pleural fluid analysis helps find what

A

inflammation if find pus, pH for complicated or not

42
Q

antibiotic treatment of pneumonia principle

A

try to target for the microorganism involved

43
Q

gram - organisms found where

A

in hospital so can figure that if hospital acquired (s.aureus (is positive …), pseudomonas)

44
Q

important in management of pneumonia

A

prompt treatment and follow up for treatment response is very important

Bloc B - Respiration (36 decks)

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