Histology I Oct4 M1 Flashcards
general plan of resp system
- mucosa (epith layer + LP)
- submucosa (muscle, glands, cartilage)
- aventitia
lamina propria characteristics
loose CT, cellular, few fibers, some elastic fibers
submucosa characteristics
dense irregular CT, more fibers, collagen
adventitia characteristics and function
dense irregular CT. connects with adventitia of other organs around
epithelium name and charac in resp
respiratory epith.
- pseudostratified columnar ciliated
- goblet cells
what portion of resp conducting system contain a lot of elastic fibers in submucosa
trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
two types of cartilage and location
elastic (larynx), hyaline (nasal septum, trachea and downwards)
serous vs mucous gland histo
mucous don’t stain well on H and E bc lot of glycoprot
5 cell type in resp epith.
- ciliated cells
- goblet cells
- brush cells
- small granule cell or argentaffin cell or DNES cells
- short cells
brush cells charact
only on EM. might be sensory
argentaffin cells charact
contain granules, only silver nitrate stain, secrete serotonin and epinephrine basally to regul capillaries in LP
short cells charact
stem cells, cause of problems in trchea and bronchi
resp epith lower vs upper nuclei rows
upper row: ciliated, goblet cells, brush cells
lower row: argentaffin and short cells
cilia axoneme structure
nine pairs of mtbs + central pair
axoneme peripheral mtb pairs vs central pair
peripheral: 10 + 13 filaments form mtb
central: 13 + 13 filaments form mtb
proteins in axoneme and consequence of mutations
dynein arms, nexins, radial spokes, inner sheaths
mutation: IMMOTILE SYNDROME
dynein arms: what
attach to complete mtbs on periphery of axoneme (provide motility)
nexin: what
attaches 2 peripheral mtb pairs
radial spoke: what
attaches peripheral pairs of mtbs to central sheath
basic monomer of mtbs
tubulin (alpha and beta, 2 dif genes)
structure at base of cilia and charact
basal bodies. no central mtbs. 9 peripheral triplets of mtbs. inner and middle mtb continuous with axoneme. 3rd stops at plasma membrane
symptoms of primary ciliary diskenesia (dynein mutaiton)
infertility (sperm cilia),
situs invertus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis
cilia in sperm
9 peripheral mtb pairs and one central pair
goblet cell charact + on histo
lot of granules, extensive golgi, glycoprotein vesicles (granules). stain bad
CF pathophysiology resp
mutation in CFTR (choride channel) doesn’t translocate at membrane, GOBLET CELL doesn’t pump fluid. rigid mucous, bronchiectasis
CF affects what other organs and how
pancreas, reprod system (vas deferens closed)
where olfactory epithelium found
nasal cavity, upper conchae to floor of ethmoid bone
nasal septum location and composition
middle of nasal cavities (separates it in two). HYALINE CARTILAGE
olfactory epithelium: what cell type absent
goblet cells
olfactory epith: 3 cell types
- columnar cells or sustentacular cells
- modified neurons
- basal cells
olfact epith: upper vs lower nuclei rows
upper: columnar or sust cells
lower: neurons, basal cells
olf epith: columnar cells charact
microvilli. granules like in goblet cells.
olf epith: neurons portions (5)
body, dendrite, bulb, cilia, axon
olf epith: neuron’s bulb and cilia charact
- bulb has 6 to 8 olfact cilia
- cilia has 9 periph mtb pairs + 2 central
olf epith: neuron’s axon charac
unmyelinated, surrounded by Schwann cells, joins other axons to form fila olfactoria (unmyel nerve in LP)
olf epith: basal cell charac
embrases neuron shape. some are stem cells
LP below olfact epith (2 charact)
- Bowmann’s glands (serous glands, stain well)
- fila olfactoria
resp epith location in nasal cavity
lower part
LP below resp epith of nasal cavity: 2 things to note
- serous glands
- some glands in submucosa too
