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Bloc B - Respiration > ILD Oct11 M2 > Flashcards

ILD Oct11 M2 Flashcards

1
Q

Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, some diseases

A
  • Usual interstitial P
  • Nonspecific interstitial P
  • Acute interstitial P
  • Cryptogenic organizing P
  • Desquamative interstitial P
  • Lymphocytic interstitial P
  • Respiratory bronchiolotis interstitial lung disease (RBILD)
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2
Q

Why idiopathic interstitial pneumonias is a bad name (2)

A
  • We know RBILD for ex is caused by cigarette smoking

- COP is in alveolar airspace and lumen or resp bronchioles

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3
Q

Clinical counterpart of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)

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4
Q

pathological counterpart of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)

A

NSIP

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5
Q

pathological counterpart of acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP)

A

diffuse alveolar damage

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6
Q

pathological counterpart of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP)

A

organizing pneumonia

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7
Q

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) examples of symptoms

A

dyspnea, non productive cough, clubbing of fingers and toes

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8
Q

IPF CT findings

A

thickened linear lines, prominent along pleura. Holes in the lines

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9
Q

UIP macroscopic findings

A

honeycombing (wasp nest like spaces)

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10
Q

UIP location

A

peripheral, subpleural

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11
Q

what interstitium affected by UIP

A

parenchymal interstitium

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12
Q

Most important pathologic feature of fibrosis

A

something activates fibroblasts to produce collagen

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13
Q

UIP distribution and inflammation extent

A 
patchy distribution (intra and interlobular severity)
Mild interstitial inflammation
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14
Q

UIP progression of fibrosis and structural changes

A 
biphasic fibrosis (on and off)
Architectural remodelling (honeycombing)
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15
Q

how pleura and interlobular septa are affected in UIP

A

stay normal bc doesn’t affect non parenchymal IS

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16
Q

UIP what happens to alveolar wall and airspaces as it becomes more severe

A

alveolar septum IS thickened by lymphocytes and collagen.

airspaces contain macrophages

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17
Q

two phases of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and which was easier to treat

A

Alveolitis (interstitial pneumonitis)
Fibrosis
Alveolitis easier to treat

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18
Q

IPF prognosis

A

mean survival from onset is 5 years. few respond to steroids

19
Q

ILDs: how affect

compliance

A

decreased

20
Q

ILDs: how affect

elasticity and elastic recoil (elastance)

A

increased

21
Q

ILDs: how affect TLC, RV, VC

A

TLC decreased
RV same or little decreased
VC decreased

22
Q

ILDs: how affect diffusion capacity

A

decreased

23
Q

ILDs: how affect large airway caliber

A

unchanged or increased a little (scarring pulls them open in advanced disease)

24
Q

name for slight increase of large airway caliber in advanced ILD

A

bronchiectasis

25
Q

ILDs: how affect small airway caliber

A

decreased

26
Q

respiratory pattern of ILD (UIP included)

A

rapid and shallow breathing

27
Q

auscultation findings in ILDs (UIP included)

A

crepitations

28
Q

advanced ILD particular finding

A

cyanosis

29
Q

acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) examples of symptoms

A

fever, fatigue, muscle aches, headaches, dyspnea,

30
Q

medical word for muscles aches

A

myalgia

31
Q

AIP (diffuse alveolar damage) macroscopic appearance

A

diffuse small holes in the lung

32
Q

Reason for small holes in the lung in AIP

A

branching bronchioles are empty and alveolar airspaces are filled with material and are consolidated. Same principle as air bronchogram

33
Q

High magnif: what we see in AIP (2) + name of phenomenon

A

alveolar septum contains neutrophils (shows IS pneumonitis)

pink eosinophilic material (fluid and protein and dead cells)

34
Q

UIP vs diffuse alveolar damage of AIP

A

UIP: lymphocytes and slow fibrosis
AIP: toxic injury to endothelium and alveoli. leak of protein in airspace

35
Q

name of what we see on airway lining in AIP + name for the IS inflam _ protein leak in alveolar airspace

A

Hyaline membrane

Diffuse alveolar damage

36
Q

Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) examples of symptoms

A

productive cough, yellow sputum, low grade fever

37
Q

COP CXR findings + name for that

A

fluffy disease, airspace pattern. : Patchy airspace disease

38
Q

COP CT findings

A

fluffy disease, airspace pattern + AIR BRONCHOGRAM

39
Q

Organizing pneumonia: distribution and inflammation how and where

A

Patchy and varies within and between lobes

Mild IS inflammation

40
Q

Organizing pneumonia: where fibrosis happens (where fibroblasts are)

A

fibroblastic tissue in resp bronchioles, alveolar duct lumens and airspaces

41
Q

Why COP classified in IS pneumonitises if shows consolidation on CT

A

Bc often see interstitial pneumonitis with the disease (mild-moderate IS inflammation)

42
Q

Fibroblastic tissue similarity and difference in UIP vs COP

A

same fibroblastic tissue in both but is in alveolar airspace in COP

43
Q

how alveolar septa appear in COP on microscopy

A

thickened with lymphocytes: IS pneumonitis

44
Q

diffuse alveolar damage: what + seen in what disease

A

hyaline membrane lines airways, IS inflammation, alveolar airspace filled with protein and fluid

Bloc B - Respiration (36 decks)

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