History Taking in resp Sept29 A3 Flashcards

1
Q

6 symptoms that may point to respiratory problem

A
runny, blocked nose and sneezing
Cough
Chest pain
Shortness of breath (dyspnea)
Wheezing
Swollen feet or ankles (peripheral edema)
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2
Q

medical term for runny nose

A

Rhinitis

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3
Q

Pathophysiology of rhinitis

A

Inflammatory response in airways (infectious or non-infectious)

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4
Q

Cough: physiological goal

A

Protective mechanism designed to clear airways

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5
Q

3 important things to ask for cough

A

Duration, timing, provoking and palliating factors

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6
Q

other stuff to ask about when cough and one important

A

SMOKING, sputum (presence or not, blood), occupational-toxic exposure, associated symptoms

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7
Q

1st and 2nd most exposed organs to environment

A

first: skin
second: lungs

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8
Q

when rhinitis, usually presence or absence of cough?

A

usually absence

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9
Q

in what individuals do we usually see chronic bronchitis

A

in smokers

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10
Q

asthma def

A

eosinophilic bronchitis (lung allergy)

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11
Q

When there’s an irritating agent causing the cough, what to think about?

A

asthma

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12
Q

spectrum of asthma

A

mild (just cough) to life threatening (might die, need chemotherapy)

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13
Q

T-F: asthma has genetic component

A

True

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14
Q

T-F: blood when coughing is always pathological

A

F. Can happen when cough very hard breaking some blood vessels

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15
Q

Other cause of cough not related to resp system itself

A

NM problem as in MS or deglutition problem, epiglottis doesn’t close to block food from going to airways so we cough food out

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16
Q

Def of acute cough vs chronic cough

A

3 weeks or less: acute cough

more than 3 weeks: chronic cough

17
Q

why can have chest pain bc of cough

A

if fractured a rib when coughing very hard

18
Q

hoarsness meaning

A

voix rauque, vocal cords affected

19
Q

why caugh can cause urinary incontinence

A

increase in intraabdominal pressure, little squirts of urine everytime you cough

20
Q

why caugh can cause dizzyness and fainting + name for that

A

cough syncope. Cough so hard venous return to blood is reduced

21
Q

chest pain: where and what causes the pain? lungs?muscle?

A

Not in lungs (no nerve endings)

Infection or tumor invasion in pleura, intercostal muscles, chest wall

22
Q

Chest pain: what symptom can eliminate pneumothorax diagnosis

A

Flu (pneumothorax becomes less likely)

23
Q

Pleuritis def

A

Very very painful viral infection of the pleura

24
Q

two other terms for pleuritis

A

devil’s grip

bornholm syndrome

25
Q

how to confirm pleuritis diagnosis

A

chest X-ray

26
Q

(Related to cough) Important thing to ask about in respiratory medicine

A

Smoking (no matter what you smoke) and environment and exposure

27
Q

How to confirm a pneumothorax diagnosis

A

Chest X-ray

28
Q

Chest pain pathophysiology

A

Inflammation, invasion or infection of pleura or chest wall, acute pulmonary artery dilation

29
Q

Chest pain: important feature to ask about

A

Ask about the quality: Crushing, pressure, squeezing, Levine’s sign, mentionning discomfort in chest described as crushing without necessarily saying chest pain

30
Q

Levine’s sign

A

sensation of crushing like a fist that closes in the chest

31
Q

Mnemonic of things to ask about for chest pain

A

OPQRST

Onset, Provocation or palliation, quality and quantity, radiation (where feel it), severity, timing

32
Q

dyspnea pathophysiology

A

anything that increases work of breathing (ventilation-perfusion mismatch, right to left shunt, diffusion defect (edema, etc.), increased respiratory drive (ex. acidosis)

33
Q

Pathophysiology of wheezing

A

Narrowing of airways

34
Q

Specific question to ask when wheezing

A

How it affects ADLs

35
Q

Coughing blood medical term

A

Hemoptysis

36
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish or purplish discolouration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface having low oxygen saturation.

37
Q

General stuff to ask about for resp system

A

Hemoptysis, swollen feet or ankles, snoring, cyanosis, voice change, recent chest X-ray

38
Q

When asthmatic patient comes in with symptoms, what must be determined

A

If asthma is well controlled

39
Q

3 things to ask asthmatic patient with symptoms of resp problem

A

1) do you have puffer and use it more than prescribed
2) Does it wake you up at night
3) Feeling when waking up in morning (tight chest = asthma less well controlled)