Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Respiratory Conditions (JBR) > Pneumonia > Flashcards

Pneumonia Flashcards

1
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Acute respiratory tract illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is impaired gas exchange caused in pneumonia?

A

Organism reach lungs
Immune activation and infiltration (systemic response)
Fluid and cellular build up in alveoli leads to impaired gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the organisms that commonly cause community-acquired pneumonia?

A 
S. pneumoniae 
H. influenza
Maxialla Catarrhlais
Mycoplasma pneumonia 
Chlamydia Psittaci
Pneumococcal pneumonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which organisms cause hospital-acquired pneumonia?

48-72 hours after being admitted

A 
E. coli 
Staph aureus 
Anaerobes
Klebsiella spp
Psedomonas spp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are special case pneumonia?

A

Legionella
Aspiration-Klebsiella
Penumocystis pneumonia
Aspergillus (fungi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most common causative organism of pneumonia and how is it treated?

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia is found in _________. Why is mycoplasma resistant to penicillins? Which antibiotic do you give instead?

A

Children and adults

Resistant to beta-lactams because it has no peptidoglycan cell wall

Give erythromycin/doxycycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are common features of aspiration pneumonia?

A 
Inhalation of foreign material into the lungs  - food, drink, vomit (interference with normal gag reflex) 
Alcohol(ism BUZZ), Brain injury, drugs 
Anaerobes
Klebsiella 
Red-jelly sputum (BUZZ)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

PCP (Pneumocystis penumonia) is linked to which patients?

A

Immunosuppressed
HIV/AIDS
Cancer patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you treat PCP?

A

Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is Legionella Pneumonia found and how is it transmitted?

A

Found in fresh water
Air conditioning
Confusion and diarrhoea in a returning traveller (not person-person)
Compost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is Legionella pneumonia treated?

A

Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Quinolones e.g. Levofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are risk factors for HAP?

A

Invasive ventilation
Impaired mucociliary escalator
Sedation
Immunosuppresion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which pneumonia is often found in nursery workers?

A

H. influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Coxiella burnetti (aka Q-fever) is typically transmitted from?

A

Sheep
Cattle
Farms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are clinical features of Coxiella Burnetti?

A

Culture negative endocarditis

Pyrexia

17
Q

What are clinical features of Klebsiella pneumonia?

A

Cavitating

Common inpatients with alcoholism , diabetes, chronic lung disease

18
Q

How and why is Klebsiella treated?

A

Resistant to beta lactase

Treat with carbapenems

19
Q

Whatare symptoms and signs of Pneumonia?

A 
Malaise 
Anorexia
Sweats
Rigors
Myalgia
Arthralgia
Headache
Confusion
Cough 
Pleurisy
haemoptyis 
Breathlessness
Preceding URTI
Abdo pain
Diarrhoea
Crackles heard on asucultation
Pleural rub
(possible) cyanosis 
Hypotension
20
Q

How is severity assessed?

A

CURB-65 score

21
Q

How is the CURB-65 score calculated?

A 
Confusion
Urea >7 mmol/L
Respiratory Rate >30
Blood pressure <90 sys or >61 diastolic 
65 years or older
22
Q

What are other severity markers of pneumonia besides CURB-65?

A 
Temperature <35 or >40
Cynaosis 
PaO2 < 8kPa
WCC <4 or >30
Multi-lobar involvement
23
Q

What are investigations for pneumonia?

A 
Blood culture 
Serology
Arterial gases
FBC 
Urea
Liver function
CXR
24
Q

What type of pneumonia is a high fever, rapid onset and herpes labialis typically linked to?

A

Strep pneumonia

25
Q

What type of pneumonia commonly occurs in COPD patients?

A

H. influenza

26
Q

Which type of pneumonia commonly follows influenza infection?

A

Staph aureus

27
Q

What is an atypical pneumonia which often present with a dry cough and atypical chest sign/x-ray findings. Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and erythema multiform may be seen.

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

28
Q

Atypical pneumonia. Hyponatraemia and lymphopenia common.

A

Legionella

29
Q

Which type of pneumonia is commonly seen in alcoholics??

A

Klebsiella

30
Q

Which type of pneumonia is typically seen in patients with HIV?

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

31
Q

How does Pneumocystis jiroveci present?

A

dry cough
Exercise-induced desaturations
Absence of chest signs

32
Q

How do you treat Aspergillus pneumonia?

A

Amphotericin B
Voriconazole
Surgery

Respiratory Conditions (JBR) (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions