Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Flashcards
What is neonatal ARDS?
Lack of pulmonary surfactant (1% of births)
Predominantly in pre-term babies
Result in atelectasis and impairment of gas exchange
What is atelectasis?
Lung collapse or improper inflation
What is adult ARDS?
Diffuse alveolar damage “shock lung”
What causes adult ARDS?
Sepsis, diffuse infection (virus, mycoplasma). severe trauma, oxygen, pneumonia, gastric aspiration, vasculitis, contusion
What is the pathological process of adult ARDS?
Injury Infiltration of inflammatory cells Cytokines Oxygen free radicals Injury to cell membranes Fibrinous exudate lining alveolar walls - hyaline membranes Cellular regeneration Inflammation
How do you investigate ARDS?
Bloods (FBC, U&Es, LFT, amylase, clotting, CRP, blood cultures, AMG)
CXR
What would be found in a CXR of an ARDS patient?
Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates
How do you manage a patient with ARDS?
Oxygen and mechanical ventilation
CPAP with ___% O2 may be enough; most require?
40-60
Mechanical ventilation
