Pn/sensation for final

Question 1

Ways to recognize pain?(7)

Answer 1

▪ Postural asymmetry
▪ Antalgic movements 
▪ Facial expression 
▪ Pain verbalization
▪ Seeking medical assistance
▪ Signs of inflammation
▪ Outcome tools

Question 2

Pain is?

Answer 2

Pain is a interpretation of impulses/stimuli, the 5th vital sign.

Question 3

Types of Pain? (4)

Answer 3

mechanical, thermal, or chemical. What

about emotional?

Question 4

Book definition of pain?

Answer 4

The perception or identification

of stimuli as painful.

Question 5

Ways to measure pain?

Answer 5

No accurate way to measure it, purely subjective
◼ Visual Analog Scale
▪ 10 cm line
▪ Cues
▪ Pictures ☺, ☹
▪ Doesn’t correlate to % of pain, or change of pain
◼ Body Diagrams
▪ Helps to describe quality and location of pain
▪ Can get messy
▪ Can show dermitomal or nerve or nondermitomal patterns
◼ Quality of Life Measures
◼ Pain questionnaire

Question 6

Subjective pain questions?(6)

Answer 6

When did the pain start?
◼ How did it start?
◼ Over the past 6 months has it gotten better, worse or the stayed the same?
◼ What makes it better or worse?
◼ Pain medications?
▪ When ?
▪ How often?
▪ How much?
◼ What can’t you do because of the pain?
▪ Include how long you can do something?
◼ Do you think you will get better?
◼ How are you sleeping?

Question 7

Study dermatomes and peripheral nerve patterns figs 5.1 and 5.2

Answer 7

ok

Question 8

Feedback control uses____ to guide _____?

Answer 8

Sensory info during movement to guide output

Question 9

Feedforward control is a?

Answer 9

Proactive strategy to plan movement

Question 10

Superficial Sensation/Exteroceptors responsible for the perception of?(4)

Answer 10

Pain
▪ Temperature
▪ Light touch
▪ Pressure

Question 11

Deep Sensation/Proprioceptors- receive stimuli from muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, and fascia. responsible for?(3)

Answer 11

▪ Position sense and joint awareness
▪ Movement awareness (kinesthesia)
▪ Vibration

Question 12

Combined Cortical Sensation-Requires info from both superficial and deep receptors as well as sensory association areas.
What sorts of sensations use CCS?(7)

Answer 12

▪ Stereognosis 
▪ 2-point discrimination
▪ Barognosis
▪ Graphesthesia
▪ Tactile localization
▪ Recognition of texture
▪ Double stimulation

Question 13

Which receptors can carry sensations that communicate pain?

Answer 13

◼ Mechanoreceptors
◼ Thermoreceptors
◼ Nociceptors**
◼ Chemoreceptors
◼ Photic receptors

Question 14

Superficial sensation tests?

Answer 14

▪ Pain Perception- sharp/dull
▪ Temperature-warm/cool
▪ Light Touch- yes or now
▪ Pressure Perception

Question 15

What do deep tendon reflex tests test?

Answer 15

Afferent and efferent neuron pathways

Question 16

Responses to DMT reflex test determine?

Answer 16

▪ LMN- flaccid or diminished reflex

▪ UMN- excessive reflex or too much tone to elicit

Question 17

Reflex test grades? (4)

Answer 17

0: absent reflex
◼ 1+
\: trace
◼ 2+
\: normal
◼ 3+
\: brisk
◼ 4+
\: clonus

Question 18

What are normal reflex test grades?

Answer 18

1+
, 2+
, or 3+
 are normal unless asymmetric or dramatic difference between UE 
and LE.